Galliprant Vs Rimadyl: Pros & Cons of Both for Your Pet

Galliprant Vs Rimadyl: Pros & Cons of Each for Your Pet

Veterinarians and pet owners share the common goal of wanting to see pets live happy and comfortable lives. One important aspect of this, especially as pets get older, is pain prevention and management.

Dogs can suffer from a variety of ailments, including acute injuries, post-operative pain, chronic conditions like osteoarthritis, and more. Osteoarthritis in particular is very common, especially in dogs that are overweight, getting older in age, or have a previous joint injury or other relevant underlying medical condition.

One of the most common types of medications used for analgesia and chronic pain management are NSAIDs, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These medications can help by alleviating pain and reducing inflammation that could cause further damage and pain.

While no drug is perfect—and each comes with its own benefits, limitations, and precautions—NSAIDs are a valuable tool that can help many veterinary patients live a better quality of life. 

With all the options out there, how does a veterinarian choose which medications to keep on the shelf? Is there any advantage to switching to a newer generation of NSAID that has a more specific mechanism of action (and therefore, potentially less side effects), or is it best to stick with the same NSAID you know and are already comfortable using?

Here, we’ll discuss two NSAIDs—the newer medication Galliprant, along with Rimadyl, which has been used in veterinary medicine for quite some time already—and compare some of the pros and cons of each. 

What is Galliprant?

Galliprant (the brand name for grapiprant) is an NSAID, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, that’s been on the market since 2016. 

Like any other NSAID, it has a variety of potential uses for treating pain and inflammation. But it’s primary use (and the only one it’s labeled for) is the treatment of osteoarthritis.

One unique, and potentially very beneficial, thing about Galliprant is the fact that is works in a different way than other, more established NSAIDs.

How to administer Galliprant

Galliprant comes in chewable tablets flavored with pork liver, available in 20mg, 60mg, and 100mg sizes. It can be given with or without food.

The exact dosage is based on a dog’s body weight. As a prescription medication, specific dosing instructions from the dog’s veterinarian should be followed.

Galliprant is not approved for puppies younger than 9 months of age or dogs below 8 pounds in body weight. Also, the effects in pregnant or lactating dogs and dogs with heart disease have not been fully evaluated. Use in cats is not approved or recommended.

How Galliprant works

Most NSAIDs are cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors. However, rather than inhibiting COX, Galliprant acts further down the line in that inflammatory pathway. It specifically blocks the EP4 prostaglandin receptor and the activity of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). 

COX is a substance activated after cell damage to stimulate the release of prostaglandins from the cell. Prostaglandins then stimulate inflammation as a response to damage or injury. Inflammation is an important part of the body’s defense against injuries. However, unchecked or chronic inflammation can lead to pain and worsening tissue damage.

In addition to inflammation, prostaglandins play several important, protective roles in the body. This includes functions related to maintaining stomach and intestinal linings and blood flow to the kidneys. Also, NSAID administration can contribute to bleeding/lack of blood clotting, especially in pets that already have a blood clotting disorder.

So, when NSAIDs are prescribed to block pain and inflammation, unfortunate side effects include blocking of some of the beneficial functions of prostaglandins in the body, such as blood flow and stomach/intestinal health functions.

Some NSAIDs are more selective than others in terms of their effects on specific types of COX inhibition (COX-1 versus COX-2). However, Galliprant takes it a step further with even more specificity by blocking just one type of prostaglandin receptor rather than COX.

Benefits of Galliprant

A study of Galliprant versus a placebo (see the Resources section) showed an improvement in symptoms for dogs suffering from osteoarthritis when they received Galliprant. Effective pain control can certainly be a way to improve quality of life and possibly give a pet longer to live before the pain becomes a factor in considering euthanasia.

The drug’s very specific mode of action further down the inflammatory cascade—blocking a specific prostaglandin receptor, rather than inhibiting COX and all subsequent prostaglandins—is also important. 

This specificity of action can mean fewer unwanted side effects, such as liver and kidney damage and GI effects like stomach ulcers. 

These side effects are a risk with any NSAID, so it may be beneficial to some pets to have a new option where these side effects are less likely. It may allow for administration and pain relief in some pets who aren’t good candidates for more traditional NSAIDs due to underlying diseases. It may be another option to try for pets who did not tolerate traditional NSAIDs very well.

Disadvantages of using Galliprant

Although Galliprant carries the benefits of effectiveness for osteoarthritis pain and decreased risk of certain NSAID side effects, every drug comes with pros and cons.

The specificity of action of Galliprant may mean it’s less effective than other common NSAIDs used in veterinary medicine. While it was more effective than a placebo, two studies (see the Resources section) found Galliprant to be less effective than other, more traditionally used NSAIDs.

Additionally, while Galliprant is less likely than other NSAIDs to produce unacceptable side effects, that doesn’t mean there is no risk at all. Every drug comes with risks. 

Common side effects of Galliprant include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and decreased appetite. Also, contraindications or precautions for use include...

• Dogs that are under 9 months of age or 8 pounds of body weight. 

• Pregnant or lactating dogs.

• Dogs with heart disease.

• Dogs who have previously had severe side effects to NSAIDs, or who have kidney or liver disease.

• Galliprant should not be used concurrently with steroids or other NSAIDs.

In some cases, it may make sense to start a dog on Galliprant even with underlying conditions such as kidney or liver disease, for quality of life. It may be safer compared to other NSAIDs. But this will come down to the clinical judgment of the veterinarian, with a discussion of risks with the pet owner as should be done with any NSAID.

Monitoring of bloodwork while on chronic Galliprant is still recommended, although it may only be needed once per year.

What is Rimadyl?

Rimadyl (a brand name for carprofen) is a type NSAID that has been used in veterinary medicine for years for treating pain and inflammation. It comes in oral and injectable formulations, including chewable tablets and non-chewable caplets. 

The Rimadyl brand name chewable tablets come in sizes of 25mg, 75mg, or 100mg. The dosing amount and schedule depend on a dog’s weight and the condition being treated. As with any prescription medication, exact instructions from the dog’s veterinarian should always be followed.

The most common veterinary uses of Rimadyl probably include osteoarthritis, treatment of injuries, and surgical/post-operative pain control. 

It’s best to give Rimadyl with food, to decrease the likelihood of an upset stomach. It may be given as a full dose once per day, or divided into half doses given in the morning and evening.

Benefits of using Rimadyl

As a COX inhibitor, Rimadyl’s mode of action is earlier in the inflammatory cascade than is Galliprant’s. That means Rimadyl can provide good analgesia and decrease inflammation for a variety of medical conditions.

COX can further be divided into COX-1 and COX-2. Previous generations of NSAIDs didn’t differentiate between the two, but carprofen is an NSAID that preferentially inhibits COX-2 more than it inhibits COX-1. While both produce prostaglandins that contribute to healthy biological functions, it’s also true that COX-2 plays a stronger role in promoting prostaglandins that contribute to pain and inflammation. 

Since carprofen more selectively targets COX-2, it is less likely (though not impossible) that a pet would experience certain side effects (especially GI side effects) when compared to non-selective COX inhibitors that affect both COX-1 and COX-2 equally. This selectivity is beneficial, although this is still less specific than the action of Galliprant, which only targets the EP4 prostaglandin receptor rather than COX.

The drug Rimadyl is approved for puppies as young as six weeks of age, which is younger than the recommended use of Galliprant.

A minimum body weight requirement is not listed, although for very small dogs (less than 5 pounds), accurately dividing the oral tablets might prove difficult and run the risk of an accidental overdose.

However, this is still a lower body weight than Galliprant is approved for, which allows for use in more small dogs.

Rimadyl also has the advantage of being time-tested. Carprofen has been used in veterinary medicine for decades. So, vets are pretty familiar with what to expect when using the medication.

And many prefer to use what they know rather than trying a medication that is relatively new.

Additionally, carprofen is available in many forms. Injectable products may be needed in some cases, such as the first dose during surgery or administration in pets who can’t tolerate an oral medication during illness.

And unflavored caplets may be necessary for pets with food allergies.

The wide availability of generics also gives an option to some pet owners where the cost of medication is otherwise prohibitive.

Disadvantages of administering Rimadyl

Due to its wider range of action compared to Galliprant (COX inhibition versus selective EP4 blocking), it is expected that Rimadyl can have more side effects than Galliprant.

The most common side effects include gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, especially diarrhea, vomiting, or inappetence.

In more severe cases, bloody stools, tarry stools (consistent with stomach or upper intestinal bleeding), and GI ulcers can occur. 

Also, while less common, liver and kidney problems are always a potential concern with NSAIDs. T

herefore, dogs require frequent bloodwork monitoring (usually at least every six months) while on the medication long-term. And pets with underlying liver or kidney disease might not be able to take Rimadyl at all.

Like Galliprant, Rimadyl cannot be used in cats. And ideally, it should be avoided in pregnant or lactating dogs or dogs with blood clotting disorders.

Conclusion

In addition to the factors listed above, it’s important to consider how and why a medication is administered. These circumstances can help a vet decide which medication is the best option for each individual pet.

For example, with Galliprant, there is not an injectable form of the medication available at the time of this writing.

Also, it can take 2-4 weeks of consistent administration for the medication to reach its peak levels and provide the best level of pain control.

These two factors would make Galliprant a poor choice for traumatic injuries or for surgeries, where a higher level of pain control is needed immediately.

On the other hand, Galliprant may be an excellent option for chronic osteoarthritis pain in pets whose owners can give the medication daily and are okay with the expense.

This may be an ideal option (or even the only option) in pets who can’t tolerate other NSAIDs.

Every pet is unique, and not all of them “read the book” or respond to a certain drug exactly as expected. Therefore, it may take some trial and error to find the best option for an individual dog. 

Finding the best option for each pet can contribute to the quality of life, pain relief, and even length of life by extending the time to euthanasia in pets that suffer from chronic pain—chronic pain that can potentially be managed a bit longer with a medication plan.

Lifestyle and other changes—such as weight management, staying active when possible, and using a combination of medications and supplements that can be safely administered together for improved all-around effects—are all an important part of managing pain and inflammation.

And the right NSAID can fit into that management plan to help a pet feel better and enjoy their favorite activities in life for as long as possible.

With any NSAID, pet owners should inform their veterinarian right away if any side effects, abnormal symptoms, changes in eating/drinking/bathroom habits, or behavioral changes are noted. 

Resources/Further Reading:

FDA info sheet for Rimadyl

FDA info sheet for Galliprant

A Prospective, Randomized, Masked, Placebo‐Controlled Multisite Clinical Study of Grapiprant, an EP4 Prostaglandin Receptor Antagonist (PRA), in Dogs with Osteoarthritis - Rausch‐Derra - 2016 - Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine - Wiley Online Library

Assessment of the efficacy of firocoxib (Previcox®) and grapiprant (Galliprant®) in an induced model of acute arthritis in dogs | BMC Veterinary Research | Full Text (biomedcentral.com)

Comparison of two inhibitors of E-type prostanoid receptor four and carprofen in dogs with experimentally induced acute synovitis in: American Journal of Veterinary Research Volume 80 Issue 11 () (avma.org)

Carprofen (Rimadyl) - Veterinary Partner - VIN

https://yourdogadvisor.com/tick-repellent-for-dogs/

Can Dogs Eat Carrots?

Carrots are a fantastic source of vitamins and essential nutrients, especially when incorporated into our routine diet. But have you ever thought about whether they could also be a suitable addition to your dog's diet?

Well, if you are wondering if dogs can eat carrots, then the surprising answer is Yes! 

As unbelievable as it sounds, carrots work wonders on your dog's body and are as good for your pup's health as they are for you.

Nonetheless, this doesn't mean you should shove carrots in your dog’s mouth as if they are 'Bugs Bunny.'

Ideally, there are several things you should understand before you begin altering your dog's routine diet.

Here is everything you should know about carrots and dogs.

Overview:

In a world packed with an assortment of artificial foods, it's simply amazing that we can undeniably say that, yes, dogs eat carrots-and perfectly healthy for them too! (Including the leafy green carrot parts, we so often skip.) 

When you decide to introduce carrots to your dog's diet, there are several ways you can prepare them properly for the best results.

Typically, you can serve them cooked, raw, frozen, or dehydrated, provided they are not too hard on your pup's teeth and don't possess a choking hazard.

Whether your pup eats the carrots eventually is another thing altogether. 

According to Veterinary Toxicologist and director at Pet Poison Helpline, Ahna Brutlag, just like humans, canines love them while others don't.

This essentially clears away any concerns pet owners may have on carrots potentially causing poisoning on dogs when consumed.

Carrots comprise multiple nutrients and vitamins, such as beta-carotene, which gives them their color. It is converted into vitamin A, a component that is good for the eyes.

Besides carrots, the market boasts a surprisingly diverse number of other healthy vegetables and fruits dogs can consume, such as green beans, apples, pears (not canned), or broccoli. In fact, according to Brutlag, some pooches also enjoy lettuce, with several loving that crunchy romaine leaf-spine. 

Are Carrots a Safe Treat for Your Dog? 

Yes. Carrots are a perfectly safe consumption for your dogs. What's more, it's not just the carrot but also its parts, including the leafy green part and skin. Nevertheless, don't expect your dog to be as excited to take a carrot as they would if it was junk food! 

The Benefits of Carrots to Your Dog 

The list of benefits that come with feeding carrots to your pug is endless. So, if finding the ideal snack for your dog seems like quite a challenge, why not start by giving them a carrot. Typically, they will do a great job boosting its health and giving your dog a rather exciting experience. 

Carrots contain low levels of calories. Therefore, you need not worry about your dog's weight condition. However, you should note that this only applies when you give your dog the right amount of carrots-like with any other caloric snacks, consuming too many carrots may lead to your dog gaining excessive weight.

Containing Vitamin A, carrots ensures your dog's eyesight, bone structure, and immune systems are healthy and perfectly functional. In addition, they also carry antioxidants which have enormous advantages ranging from boosting your dog's eyesight, brain activity and combat swelling/inflammation.

Besides this, carrots may also be a good fiber source for your dog. What's more, carrots also feature several healthy nutrients such as: 

• Potassium: ideal for heart, muscles, nerves, and offers energy

• Vitamin K: boosts metabolism and promote blood clotting

• Beta-carotene: converted into Vitamin A that promotes bone growth, immune function and encourages overall health. 

·    Lutein and lycopene: these are phytonutrients that safeguard your dog's eyes

Furthermore, carrots work wonders in helping your dog's teeth remain clean. Typically, chewing carrots allows your pup to clear plaque from the teeth and remove food debris between the teeth.

This is mainly because carrots rub roughly against their chompers. Therefore, incorporate a carrot or two into your dog's diet and offer your beloved pooch a perfectly nutritious treat! 

How Many Carrots Can Your Dog Take? 

Just Like with any other treats you offer your dog; carrots shouldn't exceed 10 % of the daily food intake your dog takes. Ideally, this means that you can cut up a few carrots in your dog's bowl, add a few carrots in the daily routine, or even supervise one large, flat, crunchy carrot stick for your large dog! 

Nevertheless, while carrots are generally a healthy, low-fat snack, if your dog is obese-prone and following a strict calorie diet, you must count the carrot calories! 

Are Carrots Good for Dogs' Eyes?

Yes, they are.

Having large amounts of lutein, lycopene, carotene, and vitamin A prevent eye infections and other eye conditions resulting from exposure to direct sunlight and air inhibitors like dust particles.

Are Carrots Good for Your Dogs Teeth?

The answer is yes!

It's more likely for you to have seen your dog gnawing on shoes and even rags. If you didn't know, one of the best ways you can finally put an end to this behavior is by introducing carrots to your dog's diet. 

Carrots boast a somewhat rough texture. As such, carrots offer teeth hardening and sharpening nutrients that will strengthen your dog's teeth. Also, they will help in maintaining your dog's dental hygiene.

Do Carrots Have Any Side Effects on A Dog? 

Yes, as you would expect, too much of anything is poisonous. Consuming too many carrots can lead to several conditions, including: 

Diarrhea 

Yes, uncontrolled consumption of carrots can lead to severe diarrhea. Therefore, you should administer carrots to your dog in a mindful state, not too much and not too little.

On average, feed your pup with at least 2 to three carrots per day to maintain gastric balance and prevent stomach upset. Moderation is the key to proper dog feeding habits, and in this case, your pugs Carrot feeding.

Weight Gain 

Carrots tend to have high levels of natural sugar. As such, too much will ultimately lead to your dog gaining weight. Nonetheless, when given in controlled amounts, carrots are significantly beneficial to your dog's health compared to other dog foods. 

Chocking
Your dog may also be a victim of choking when fed with carrots. The risk of choking differs from dog to dog; some willfully grind the carrots, and others will not. To cater to those pups that don't, be sure to have the carrots diced into small chunks to prevent choking. Choking is detrimental because it may even cause death. Would you want your dog to succumb to this? Of course not.

How Do You Convince Your Dog to Consume Carrots? 

Dogs tend to be somewhat stubborn, especially when it is a matter of diet. Therefore, it is up to you to come up with a rather indulging carrot meal. 

Like humans, some dogs are also picky eaters, especially when a new component is introduced to their daily diet. Generally, for some, raw carrots will do, and boiled, mashed, or cooked carrots are the preferred option for others. More interestingly, some pups will eat the carrots, notwithstanding the preparation method, while others will not eat them at all. 

You can convince your furry friend to start eating carrots by using traditional cooking techniques when preparing a meal. You can combine the carrots with your dog's meal; this way, your selective pug may not notice.

Keep in mind that your dog holds a powerful sense of smell that it uses to scavenge. So, you outdo your dog's sense of smell by soaking the carrots in meat soup. Doing this will enlighten the carrot taste, and your dog will most definitely eat.

It would be best if you distinctively cooked your dog's carrots separate from yours. This is because feeding your dog with carrots meant for human consumption may cause stomach upsets or gastric reactions due to other food ingredients like spices, onion, garlic, or pepper. These add-ins actually do away with the carrots' nutritional benefits that your dog should partake in.

Also, to remove any form of harmful chemicals like herbicides and pesticides from the carrots, ensure that you properly wash them. The carrots leaves have a natural taste, which is engaging and nutritious to your dog. 

Examples of Simple Carrot Dog-Treat Recipes for Your Dog

1. Peanut Butter Soft Carrot Dog Treats

Soft-baked delight snack for your dog!

• Total Prep & Cook Time: 35-40 minutes

• Prep: 15-20 minutes

• Cook: 20-25 minutes

Ingredients:

• 1 cup of all-purpose flour

• Two finely chopped carrots

• Unflavored applesauce ( half a cup)

• 1 cup of oats

• Baking Powder

Preparation Instructions

• Start by pre-heating your oven to around 325°F (163°C). Use silicone baking or parchment paper to line two (large) baking sheets. Set it aside.

• Take a large bowl and gently mix the milk, peanut butter, carrot, and eggs with a spatula. Follow by adding baking powder and flour and mix with the oats. This will give a thick dough.

• Roll your dough out and ensure it maintain an approximate 1/4″ thickness. Use a cookie cutter to cut the dough into small pieces and shapes and place them on the baking sheet.

• Bake your ingredients until they are evenly and lightly brown (approx. 10-15 minutes). Flip them to bake the other side for another 10 minutes. Note: If you want the treats crispy, bake them for another 5-10 minutes.

• Let the cookies cool completely, and then serve your pup.

2. Crunchy Peanut Butter/ Almond Carrot Pup Treats

A delicious sweet treat for your pup!

Ingredients

• A cup of applesauce (plain, unsweetened)

• Oatmeal Flour (4 cups)

• 2 Eggs

• 1/4 cup peanut/almond butter

• Peeled & grated Carrots (1 cup)

• Coconut Flakes (½ cup)

Preparation Instructions:

1. Start by pre-heating your oven to around 350°F line your baking sheet using silicone baking or parchment paper to line two (large) baking sheets. Set it aside.

2. Take a bowl (preferably large), and using a mixer, beat the eggs, butter, and applesauce together.

3. Next, add the carrots, coconut flakes, and oat flour until they are incorporated properly. Note: The dough should be fairly tacky and not too much

4. On a separate surface sprinkled with minimal oat flour, transfer your dough and knead 2-4 times until it all blends uniformly.

5. Use a rolling flour pin slightly sprinkled with oat flour to spread your dough to a thickness of about ½ inch.

6. Please take out your cookie cutter, cut it into preferred shapes, and move them to your earlier set baking sheet.

7. Place the contents in the oven (for around 20 minutes) and let it bake until the dog treats produce golden edges and become dry.

8. Allow your dog treats to cool completely before serving.

Verdict: Are Carrots a Safe Snack for Dogs?

Unlike humans, dogs have a different digestive mechanism, and consuming the wrong foods may result in long-term health issues, and in rare cases, even lead to death. As natural carnivores, dogs have no real need for veggies and fruits in their routine diet. Nevertheless, an occasional veggie or fruit is Ok!

Essentially, carrots are among the most nutritious, healthy, and safest snacks you can offer your dog. Besides comprising an assortment of vitamins that boost your pup's health, they can also double as likable chew toys for cleaning your pup's teeth.

Even so, carrots have their share of drawbacks since they comprise a fair amount of sugar and may pose a choking hazard.

Overall, though, carrots are remarkably nutritious snacks for any dog out there.

Written by: Rachel Best

References: 

https://books.google.com/books?id=O-t9BAAAQBAJ&pg=RA4-PA387

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_A

http://www.petmd.com/dog/nutrition/high-pressure-processing-and-raw-pet-food-diets-what-you-need-know

Is Veterinary School Hard? Here's The Truth!

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Having a career in the health field is highly fulfilling. Besides, your parents will be very proud of you, and your patients will be extremely grateful. However, who do you prefer to treat? People or animals? While these two fields sound the same, they are vastly different. Moreover, everyone has their preferences when it comes to the field of medicine.

So, is veterinary school hard?  Yes!

Compared to a wide array of undergraduate fields, veterinary school is no joke. Most of the students studying veterinary medicine bag 25 to 30 credits per semester, including demanding courses based on science.

This means that students in this field have to be in the lab class for 30 to 40 hours every week and will require studying a bit more during their free time. 

Typically, most undergraduate fields need the student to bag 15 to 20 credits per semester, compared to veterinary medicine, making it a rather difficult course to pursue. Besides, veterinary courses involve rigorous advanced science-based studies. This is quite different from most courses which involve various courses such as physical education, among others. 

Additionally, most of the students you`ll be taking classes with will have to be smarter than the average human being since the acceptable GPA to study veterinary medicine is somewhere between 3.5 to 3.8. Typically, this means that some of your classmates were among the best performers in their previous schools. 

Meanwhile, the level of difficulty when in veterinary school will vary from one individual to another. However, do not expect it to be that easy; you have to study hard and be passionate about helping animals. 

Today, we delve a bit more into veterinary medicine. As with any other career, there are numerous variables to consider, such as your dream school`s acceptance rate, the seats open, and the degree of difficulty that comes with the course. 

Regardless of the school you attend, you need to work hard to become a professional. Even if a school is cheap or easy to get into, it does not necessarily mean that you will have an easy time graduating. It would help if you made a lot of effort to get here.

But is veterinary school hard? This will depend on the individual taking up the course. Nonetheless, before giving an accurate answer to this question, we`ll talk more about veterinary medicine.

For instance, how do you know that veterinary school is the ideal career choice?

First, to become a veterinarian, you have to attend veterinary school. The ideal way to know that this is the right career path for you is to learn more about it. Talk to various veterinary researchers and veterinarians. Again, you can do more research online. 

Furthermore, it would help if you were passionate about helping animals, have decent people skills, and have a good understanding of science.

To achieve this, you can explore the field by working for a veterinarian or shadowing him to understand further what the career is all about. Once you`ve done your research, you can competently determine whether this is the right career path for you.

Veterinarian school curriculum 

Among the first things you do in veterinary school is to select the animal species they want to study. You should at least know how to treat pets such as cats, dogs, and birds, though you can also learn how to treat other animals like sheep, goats, horses, and cows. 

Furthermore, if you choose to deal with zoo animals, you will have to deal with animals like lions, elephants, tigers, and so many more. These animals need precise treatment and should be handled delicately. If you give the wrong dosage of medicine, they might get angry and hurt you and anyone nearby. 

Another thing you will learn in veterinary school is dealing with pets and their owners. This comprises the people skills mentioned above. It would be best if you showed empathy towards the pets and the owners when treating them. For instance, you will have to inform the pet owner of their pet`s death at some point in your career, and you need to go about it the right way. These circumstances might go the wrong way if you don't know how to communicate such information appropriately. 

Also, if you choose to deal with wild animals at the zoo, communication skills are as well critical. It is common knowledge that wild animals are dangerous, meaning you have to make them feel safe; otherwise, they will hurt you. For example, if you`re treating a lion or wounded rhino. If you don't handle the situation with the professionalism, seriousness, and caution it needs, it might end up becoming unsafe. 

Important veterinary college criteria 

Now that you`re sure you want to pursue veterinary medicine, here is what you should check for before applying to veterinary schools;

GPA

To qualify to study veterinary medicine, you need to have a GPA of at least 3.5 or more. A variety of veterinary schools examine courses pursued in the last four semesters closely. 

Animal & clinical knowledge 

Make time to shadow or work for a veterinarian to have some knowledge of various animal treatment solutions. Also, it gives you an opportunity to appreciate what this field of medicine has to offer. Besides, this might be the best way to find out for sure if you want to pursue veterinary medicine. 

Graduate record test

After doing your ACTs and SATs, it`s now time to sit for the graduate record exams. Numerous veterinary schools vastly accept this test. Besides, the MCAT is the other examination taken by some veterinary schools and medical schools as well. To be sure, check with the school you plan to apply for and confirm their acceptable test scores. 

Recommendation letters

In addition to passing the acceptance tests, you need to select three people to provide a recommendation letter. The first one has to be from an academic consultant-the other one from a trained veterinarian, and the last one from your course instructor. 

It is vital to have a relationship with your professors when studying. What`s more, some veterinary schools might ask for recommendation letters from two certified veterinarians. Once you apply, you get the chance to relinquish your right to view the evaluation letter. Also, you are given a choice not to relinquish this right and get to view the letters after the letter of application has been reviewed. 

Even though it is within your rights to view, it would help if you waived the right to evaluate the letters. The evaluators will be told whether you have waived your rights to view the letters before writing them. At times, schools think that the evaluators might not right negative things if you do not relinquish the right to examine the letters. This can negatively impact the letter`s evaluation by the school`s admission committee. 

Communication skills 

These skills will be gained by doing co-curricular activities like joining different clubs in the school. For instance, the pre-Vet club offers you the chance to serve the community in various ways, and you will also deal with different people and consequently makes friends. You can also become a leader in different clubs and committees that will allow you to gain communication and leadership skills.

Is veterinary school easier than med school?

Graduating from veterinary school is more challenging than med school. While they might not be the same, they need the same amount of hard work and commitment. Both these careers need an above-average understanding of biological sciences, a specific number of hours of paid or volunteer work, and an excellent GPA. 

Moreover, med and vet schools will require a recommendation letter from certified practitioners and respected professors. So, is veterinary school harder than med school?

Yes. It is a bit more complicated. For this reason, you need to make an informed and passionate choice. While veterinary school is somewhat more challenging, med school is not that easy. Both are hard, and they will put your resolve to the test. 

But veterinary school isn't about hardship alone ...

While veterinary school might be difficult, it should not stop you from applying. Many people have applied, studied, and graduated. Typically, for individuals who are passionate about helping animals, there is a lot you can learn in veterinary schools, like communication and leadership skills and a lot more about animals. 

On the other hand, if you`re used to being the best student and getting the highest scores in tests, your tests scores do not necessarily signify a successful future. While you need to pass every class and have a specific knowledge base and skills to be certified as a veterinarian, there is more to succeeding than meets the eye. 

You need to be love animals, have people skills, and make the animals feel safe, primarily if you deal with wild animals. Also, your communication skills need to be on point. 

Lastly, when you`re in school studying, do not forget to take care of yourself; work out frequently, eat well, and make time to socialize or do anything else other than study. As with any other career or situation, properly taking care of yourself will make the process easier. Besides, a healthy routine will come in handy when you`re not stressed. 

Sources 

https://www.thebalancecareers.com/things-you-should-know-about-vet-school-4020896

https://www.scmp.com/yp/discover/entertainment/music/article/3137712/canto-pops-singer-songwriter-aga-talks-about-how

https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/careers/veterinary-school-admission-101

Apoquel Vs Benadryl: Pros & Cons of Both for Pets

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The basic Composition difference between Apoquel and Benadryl

Benadryl is commonly known to prevent histamines from inhibiting your dog's body. Benadryl also functions as an anti-anxiety drug. Combats allergies, some of which are as a result stings and bites from insects.

However, it can be used to counter long-term allergic reactions. Benadryl for this case displays inconclusive or different results.

Contrastingly, Apoquel features a unique active ingredient known as oclacitinib. This ingredient works to prevent and curb the inflammatory reaction, particularly for the itching sensation. 

The main difference between Apoquel and Benadryl, among other allergy medications for dogs, is that it is distinctly an Immunomodulator rather than an antihistamine. What's more, it is essentially a selective JAK (Janus kinase) inhibitor. Typically, this medication targets the enzymes that result in the itching sensation in your furry friend. 

Is your dog scratching or gnawing more than normal? Ideally, this can be a distressing sight, particularly if you know that your furry friend is struggling with an allergic skin disease. 

Worse yet are the effects of all this gnawing and scratching-inflamed skin, dog hair across the whole house, and leaky pores (among other effects). Besides causing you heartbreak as you watch your dog struggle, it is no more fun for your dog, too. 

Allergies are not only a frustrating experience for dogs, but they tend to be challenging to identify and treat. And it doesn't matter what condition your pup is suffering from, but itching usually worsens it.

So, if your dog is suffering from unbearable itching (pruritus), be ready to lose your sleep since you will undeniably have to cope with a lot of fidgeting and whining throughout the night...and it is not any fun, you can be sure!

Why Does Your Dog Have Allergies and What Medications Can You Use? 

Typically, there are several reasons why your dog might be itching way over normal. Your pup may be suffering from an inflammatory (chronic) skin condition called atopic dermatitis. Additionally, your dog may be suffering from the irritating little critters known as fleas that hide on your pup's fur resulting in unbearable itching. Your dog may also be having an ear infection, a condition known to result in your dog furiously scratching its ears. 

Your pup might also be suffering from food allergies. Whatever the problem is, two specific drugs have dominated the market and offer an ideal solution for your dog's persistent itching condition- Apoquel and Benadryl. These two remarkable drugs have grown in popularity with both veterinarians and dog owners owing to their effectiveness. 

While these two solutions to dog itching problems are both effective and reliable, they share some common differences that set them apart. This post seeks to define both Apoquel and Benadryl and help you understand the difference between these drugs. 

With numerous products in the market to help control dog allergies, which is the best? Here is a comprehensive comparison of the two typical dog allergy remedies: Apoquel and Benadryl

Apoquel vs. Benadryl: Definitions

What is Apoquel?

Apoquel is an allergy remedy drug known to counter any forms of itching that may irritate your dog. It is a form of medication that deals with allergies that may cause swelling in your dog. 

It features a unique compound commonly referred to as �Janus Kinase Inhibitor' (JAK) that works fast in alleviating your dog's allergies. Moreover, it helps produce white & red blood cells and generally promotes your dog's growth.

Because cells utilize kinase to transmit information in your dog's body, the compound holds an immune-modulator known as oclacitinib, which acts as a protective substance that prevents over-excitement of the Janus kinase.

Pros of Apoquel in Dogs

• They are quickly metabolized.

• Provide an instant relief for itchiness( 24 hours)

• Used in both long-term and short-term

• It does not weaken/exhaust your dog

• Interacts positively with parasiticides, vaccines, and antibiotics.

Cons of Apoquel in Dogs

• Expensive

• Severe side-effects when used for long leading to several types of cancer.

What is Benadryl?

Benadryl, on the other hand, is a unique dog antihistamine. This medication prevents the entrance of histamines into your dog's body which causes allergic reactions. Benadryl must be given to the dog early, although most people administer it to their pups while suffering from allergic reactions. 

It is also used to heal a variety of dog allergies ranging from;

• Itching

• Running nose

• Rashes

• Hives

• Wheezing

• Breathing difficulties

•   Watery red eyes

Pros of Benadryl for Dogs

•   It is an over-the-counter medication which means it is readily available?

• Benadryl comes with a distinctive wide safety margin. Essentially, this characteristic makes it flexible in that you can adjust your dog's dose either up or down depending on your dog's reaction to it. This can be sedation-wise or itchy-wise. 

• Other than countering allergic reactions, Benadryl can be used to regulate anxiety experienced by your dog, especially during walks and car journeys.

Cons of Benadryl

• Mild side effects including diarrhea

• Works rather slowly compared to Apoquel 

Apoquel Vs. Benadryl: What's The Difference in Drugs?

Now that you understand these two essential drugs (Benadryl and Apoquel), used in helping alleviate itching problems in your dog, it is also crucial to know how they differ. So here is a list of several unique differences between Apoquel vs. Benadryl: 

Dosage:

When it is a matter of safe dosage, Benadryl tends to have a significant safety margin. It works slowly and therefore calls for dose upgrades and downgrades mainly on a long-term basis.

It works to prevent the entrance of histamines which may eventually re-occur. Your dog's response to this drug is the primary determinant of the amount of medicine given.

Apoquel is always more precise, unlike steroids, and has minimal side effects. It only takes a maximum of 2 days to kill enzymes irritating your dog. With the initial dosage decreasing after a maximum of 2 weeks, Apoquel will have done its job.

Prescription: 

If you want to give Apoquel to your dog, you can only buy it through a prescription, and better for you, it only needs several hours to kick in properly. Although this medication doesn't have the capacity to cure allergies in your dog thoroughly, it serves as a fantastic treatment option. 

Alternatively, Benadryl is a standard over-the-counter treatment option and therefore doesn't need a prescription. Nonetheless, you must still use Benadryl under the supervision of a professional vet to ensure that you offer your pup the correct dose. 

Side Effects: 

Ideally, one of the common factors with these two itching treatment treatments products is that your dog may experience side effects. However, Apoquel's effects can be more severe than those of Benadryl. 

With Benadryl, this medication comes with mild side effects, causing lethargy or sedation, particularly when taken in higher doses. What's more, taking this medication can lead your dog to develop digestive issues like diarrhea, vomiting, urine retention, and dry mouth. Besides this, though, it is an effective solution to itching.

On the other hand, with Apoquel, although the side effects are mild, this medication is a standard immune suppressant. This means that your dog is more vulnerable to various illnesses, including several forms of infections and, in rare cases of cancer. Finally, you will also need to monitor your pup for bone marrow suppression, especially if you give it Apoquel for a long time. 

Pricing: 

Lastly, although there is really no price to good quality when choosing which drug between Apoquel and Benadryl you will give your dog, price is also a defining factor. Apoquel is rather pricey, and despite the prospect of causing cancer and overdependence on the drug, it's the cost of Apoquel, which usually results in owners hunting for alternatives like Benadryl. 

Verdict: 

Apoquel vs. Benadryl, which is the best dog medication for itching?

The best medicine of these two products is dependent on your unique needs. If your dog is exhibiting mild itchiness, which comes and goes, then your best option is Benadryl. Not only is it safe, but it also doesn't need a hefty dosage to be effective.

Essentially your dog can use it and stop it without any withdrawal symptoms. If your furry friend has any long-standing allergies that affect them occasionally or throughout the year, then Apoquel is by far the better option.

Why? It is designed for long-term usage and usually offers better relief than standard antihistamines alone. Even so, Apoquel isn't suitable for all dogs.

This medication should not be used on dogs suffering from other conditions that result in cancer or immune suppression.

Conclusion

No one wants to endure the pain of watching their pet and furry friend struggle with allergies and constant itching.

Plus, no one happily looks forward to cleaning up all that loose hair (or worse, staying up through the night consoling their pup).

Luckily, there are two effective medications for itching, Apoquel and Benadryl. These practical solutions offer a dependable remedy to help relieve itching dogs by eradicating all the symptoms and reducing those itchy symptoms.

So don't just watch those irritating itches ruin everything... Get Apoquel or Benadryl for your pup.

Nonetheless, like with any other medication, the right product for you will ultimately come down on the underlying cause of your dog's discomfort and the duration it needs for proper treatment and recovery.

Sources

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/how-much-benadryl-can-i-give-my-dog-52673/&ved=2ahUKEwjcg63YqYDyAhUoURUIHTsTB0EQFjAOegQIBxAC&usg=AOvVaw2sYy_jC594wGji8GT_0rVK

https://www.google.com/url?q=http://www.apoqueldogs.com/apoquel-can-help.aspx&sa=D&source=hangouts&ust=1627374904545000&usg=AFQjCNFy5v1lLl_lPtTeox7ZonfwEH4aHw

https://www.google.com/url?q=https://uwveterinarycare.wisc.edu&sa=D&source=hangouts&ust=1627375024689000&usg=AFQjCNH5eoLtQjd-Np9skPOcxsCUqiiXgQ

How Much Does It Cost To Buy a Veterinary Practice?

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After long years of studies and a few of practicing your profession, you're finally ready to take the plunge: acquire your own veterinary practice! However, after some research, you wonder if you have the right financial backing to become a homeowner.

But don't worry: with enough preparation and with the help of an expert, you can make your dream come true.

It costs anything between S$ 250.000 and US$ 1M to buy an established veterinary practice. The asking price typically includes real estate, furniture, and stock value. It varies slightly, depending on the location and practice value..

What determines the value of one practice over another, even when they have the same revenue, isn't the purpose of this article.

However, if you are interested in these financial aspects, you can read more about them here. The rest of this article will explain the process of buying a veterinary practice.

Acquire an Existing Practice or Starting From Scratch

Owning a veterinary practice is the dream of many vets. But should you acquire an already established practice or start from scratch?

It depends on your needs and what you want to do with your veterinary clinic in the short, medium, and long term.

Starting your own practice from scratch is attractive for several reasons. You will have full autonomy and leadership in decision-making. You will be able to choose the quality and style of practice and the organizational culture of the practice.

You will also be able to select and develop your own team and work schedule. You will make all financial decisions, such as fees, equipment purchases, compensation, and benefits.

On the other hand, such freedom also comes with a burden.

You will not have an established clientele. You will not have cash flow, or equipment already installed, or well-trained employees.

It may also take a long time to see a return on your investment.

Not to mention that banks generally prefer to finance the acquisition of an established practice and are more cautious when it comes to startups.

For all of these reasons, and while buying a practice also has its share of drawbacks, this article will focus exclusively on acquiring an established veterinary practice.

The Importance of Being Well Prepared

You don't, and shouldn't try to do it all alone, during the process of buying your first veterinary clinic. Calling in a professional with expertise in this type of purchase will save you the headache of trying to manage everything on your own.

So, as soon as you feel ready to buy, contact a consultant. This will save you a lot of rookie mistakes.

The next step will be to obtain the studies, financial statistics, and financial statements of the veterinary practices that interest you.

Then, you should contact an experienced accountant and make a list of equipment to purchase.

To facilitate your gathering of information on clinics offering attractive purchasing potential, start by consulting their websites.

If what you read matches your needs, set up a meeting with the owner to talk to you about their business.

As soon as a supplier is targeted, ask other important questions:

What is or is not included in the sale? What is the desired price? How was the price calculated?

Are there any special conditions to take into account in the sale? What is behind the decision to sell?

What are the owner's after-sales plans in place?

If the seller can't provide clear answers to these questions, it should be a red flag.

What Are Your Loan Options When Buying a Practice?

Bank Loan

Financing the Purchase of a Veterinary Practice If you've decided to buy an already established clinic, consider a conventional bank loan.

An expert can offer you personalized financing that not only takes into account your tangible assets but also recognizes the market value of your activities. He will work closely with your leading advisors and business partners so that your acquisition project runs smoothly.

Operating Financing

A bank loan will give you the flexibility to borrow as much as you need, when you need it, for your inventory or operating expenses. Just write checks or make payments online from your business loan, up to the limit.

Conversely, your deposits will be automatically deducted from the balance to be repaid on your loan.

Real Estate Financing

Suppose you're thinking about growing your business in the future. In that case, you will probably require you to buy land, acquire or build buildings, or perform major renovations.

The bank expert lender should offer you specialized financing solutions to acquire a new property or expand your existing facilities, depending on your needs.

Cash Flow Optimization

Good management of your revenue cycle is essential to the proper functioning of your clinic. By leveraging accounts receivable and payments quickly (including at your point of sale), the bank lender can help you get the most out of your cash flow.

Processing of Receivable Accounts

Turning sales into revenue quickly means that accounts receivable can serve your clinic that much faster and make it more efficient.

Payments for animal care and products can be debited electronically. Other payment options, such as scheduled payments, help families of animals plan for recurring medical costs and allow you to receive needed funds faster.

Processing of Payable Accounts

Sending high-value payments to vendors and payables on time and without error is a critical part of running your veterinary clinic. Electronic services provided at the bank will increase the ability to transfer funds securely and quickly to beneficiary accounts. Consider a Small Business Administration (SBA) Loan Loans are possible for practice, real estate, or a combination of both.

This is called a blended loan. Practice loans have a duration of between 5 to 10 years. Real estate loans are granted for a more extended period, with a range of 15 to 25 years being common.

The blended SBA product is interesting because it offers a single loan to both entities with an intermediate-term.

For example, if a veterinary practice is sold for $US 500,000 and the real estate is valued at the same price, the loan term would be 17.5 years.

The interest rate can also be combined, which provides an interesting rate.

How To Finance New Equipment

Whatever your practice is dedicated to small animals or large ones, you will require specific equipment. Indeed, veterinary medicine is highly diversified and involves using different materials, depending on the specialty of the practitioner or the clinic using them. Hence the need to carefully examine the possibilities of financing this equipment.

Buy Materials Adapted to Each Practice

In liberal veterinary medicine, a distinction is generally made between small animal veterinarians, rural veterinarians, and equine veterinarians. The former exercises typically in a sedentary manner in an office or clinic, while the others have a predominantly itinerant activity.

The material requirements are therefore not the same.

In a small animal's veterinary practice or clinic, there are many materials to finance:

• Consultation table
• Surgery table
• Radiology device
  • X-ray viewer
• Anesthesia machine
• Ultrasound scaler
• Electrosurgical unit
• Electrocardiograph

You must then add the hospital kennel, computer equipment, and often the professional car.

Indeed, in rural, bovine, or equine exercise, the vast majority of operations are carried out in the field and require portable radiography, ultrasound, or surgical equipment. This equipment is often expensive.

Note: In addition to these materials to be financed, you shouldn't forget the cost of purchasing consumables, current examination instruments, drugs, and animal feed.

Find Possible Funding

All major equipment and professional equipment in a veterinary practice or clinic, including the vehicle required for the activity, can be financed by credit or leasing.

Leasing finances all new equipment and materials. You can choose the equipment you need and which will be purchased by the leasing company. You can also select the lease duration and the amount of the rents, their frequency, and redemption value at the end of the contract.

From a fiscal point of view, rents are deductible from the results of the practice or clinic.

With traditional credit, professionals can also choose their equipment (new or used), then the duration and terms of repayment of the loan. It's also possible to determine the monthly payments, depending on the duration of the loan.

As long as it finances professional equipment, the loan is, of course, amortizable, and interest is deductible from the results of the activity.

How To Finance an Operating Room?

Veterinary operating rooms are increasingly sophisticated and require expensive equipment.

Therefore, it's essential to provide a suitable financing plan when practitioners wish to install a new surgery room in an office or clinic.

Determine the Equipment Needed To Operate

In canine veterinary medicine, the main materials used for general surgery (orthopedic, thoracic, abdominal, urogenital, skin surgery, etc.) are numerous:

• Surgery table
• Surgical aspirator
• Operating light
• Anesthesia machine
• Oxygen concentrator
• Control monitor
• Ultrasonic cleaner
• Compressor

Small equipment for injection, infusion, and sampling, probes, syringes, and catheters, are also needed.

Note: In addition to the surgery table, attachment straps and an animal transport board are essential.

Consider Price and Financing of New Equipment

For all the large and small equipment in a standard operating room, an investment of at least US$ 25,000 is generally necessary. But specialized surgical equipment can quickly add to this cost. For example, the price of an operating microscope alone ranges from US$ 12,000 to 70,000. Some high-end surgical light sets can cost up to US$ 25,000.

Leasing. This is the preferred method of financing for paying large operating room equipment. Leasing can pay for all new equipment, including surgical equipment.

The main advantage is that you will select the equipment you'll need and which will be purchased by the leasing company.

Conventional credit. The other financing solution is conventional credit. Here too, you can choose your equipment and the duration and terms of repayment of the loan. It's also possible to determine the number of repayment deadlines depending on the duration of the loan.

Note: From a fiscal point of view, the leasing rents or depreciation and interest on the loan are fully deductible from the clinic's results when the equipment financed is for professional use.

Conclusion

Now that you know the price and requirements of purchasing a veterinary practice, you are in a position to prepare yourself better.

Remember that you don't have to do everything alone. The wise help of an experienced consultant in purchasing veterinary clinics will be of great help to you.

Sources

• Veterinary Practice News: Want to own a practice?

• TRUIC: How to start a veterinary practice

• BusinessForSale.com: Veterinary Businesses for sale

• Vetfolio: Practice value Q&A

• Bank of America: Practice Solutions: Loans for Veterinarians

• Bank of America: Veterinary Practice Loans - Tips for Getting Approved

A Quick List of Vetri Disc Side Effects to Be Aware Of

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To most, your dog is not just a pet but also a part of the family; just like with every other person you love, it is so hard to see them suffer in pain. Unfortunately, one type of pain that is more common than not among dogs is back pain and spinal disc issues, usually due to injury or age.

Thankfully, there are products on the market designed to help relieve these problems, and Vetri Disc is one of them.

Vetri Disc is a supplemental formula designed to help with all of your dog’s back-related pain and injuries. However, like any other type of medication or supplement, there will be some types of reactions or side effects that you should keep an eye on. This article will go over all of the side effects you should be aware of before deciding if Vetri Disc is right for your pet.

Vetri Disc’s Ingredients and Associated Side Effects

Vetri Disc is a joint health capsule created by Vetri-Science, to help support and repair your dog’s muscular and skeletal system in their back, relieving pain and increasing mobility. Its ingredients are known to repair muscle, tissue, and cartilage that may have broken down over time or had been damaged in an accident. It also helps strengthen your dog’s bones and spine.

To better understand how this capsule works and whether it is right for your dog, it is important to know exactly what is in it and what it can do. Here is a list of Vetri Disc’s ingredients and their benefits:

(Sources: Vetri Science, Pet MD)

Side Effects Associated with Taking High Doses of Vetri Disc

Some ingredients in this product could have serious side effects if too high of a dose is ever taken by your dog or a child if they get their hands on the product. If a suspected accidental overdose is taken, you should seek medical attention immediately. 

Types of complications from accidental overdose can include:

• Zinc overdose: Nausea, vomiting, flu-like symptoms, frequent infections. If too much of this supplement is taken, a zinc overdose could occur and can have lifelong effects. 

• Vitamin D overdose: An overdose in Vitamin D can cause serious problems for your dog including, vomiting, depression, weakness, appetite loss, increased urination, constipation, and dehydration. Extremely high doses can negatively affect the heart, lungs, and other main organs, causing possible death.

• Calcium overdose: Too much calcium isn’t as dangerous as other vitamin overdoses. The symptoms of too much calcium include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea or constipation.

• Equisetum arvense overdose: A side effect associated with Equisetum arvense in dogs can be loss of potassium through urination.

• Magnesium overdose: Side effects of ingesting too much magnesium are nausea, diarrhea, low blood pressure, muscle weakness, and fatigue. At very high doses, magnesium can be fatal.

• Bovine tracheal cartilage overdose: Although it is not very common, there are a few side effects of taking too much bovine tracheal cartilage, such as diarrhea, nausea, swelling, local redness, and itching. 

• Vitamin C overdose: There are not many side effects of ingesting too much vitamin C except diarrhea 

• Vitamin B6 overdose: Too much B6 can lead to some serious and dangerous health issues, including vomiting, loss of appetite, drinks and urinates less, kidney failure, and even death.

• Manganese: A manganese overdose can come with some very severe side effects—most of which are considered neurological—such as tremors, difficulty walking, facial muscle spasms, irritability, aggressiveness, and hallucinations.

• Taurine overdose: There few known illnesses associated with the overuse of taurine. However, you may at times notice nausea or vomiting. 

General Side Effects of Vetri Disc 

Although this supplement has been known to help a lot of pets through some horrible accidents or painful disc issues due to old age, there are some side effects you should be aware of and ways that you can help keep your dog as safe as possible if you choose to use this product.

Pregnant or Breeding Animals

If you have a dog who is suffering from back or spinal issues and is pregnant or a breeding dog, you will want to consult with a veterinarian before using this product. This product has not yet been tested or deemed safe for use in these situations.

The vitamins and supplements included in this product could cause harm or damage to your pregnant or breeding dog and unborn pups.

Limited or Non-Use of Limbs

Lameness is when your dog is unable to move one or all of its limbs. This is usually caused by an illness or injury and can be very painful and hard to correct for many pets. This type of issue can occur quickly and can take weeks or months to get over, and, for some pets, they may never be able to walk properly again. 

If you notice that your dog’s lameness in their limbs gets worse or doesn’t improve, stop using this product immediately and seek a veterinarian’s help. If you find that this product seems to be making the situation worse, there may be more medical issues involved in the condition, or your dog’s body may be rejecting the formula.

Stomach Pain and Gastrointestinal Upset

Ingredients in this supplement like zinc oxide and vitamin D can cause issues with upset stomachs. Some side effects to watch out for are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and if taken in too high doses, it can lead to kidney and stomach damage. 

Drowsiness or Lartharigia 

Some ingredients in these capsules could potentially cause your pet to become sluggish or drowsy. This is due to the side effects of the vitamins included in the pill's composition and may wear off over time.

If you notice an extreme lethargic response or your dog isn’t getting any better, you should stop using the medication immediately and contact your veterinarian.

Vetri Disc’s Side Effects and Conditions

The types of side effects your dog may experience from Vetri Disc may also be related to the type of disease or injury that requires treatment:

IVDD

IVDD (Intervertebral disc disease) is a degenerative disc disorder commonly found in the aging population of dogs. This disease causes the discs of the spine to dehydrate, and they then can come together and grind against one another, causing pain and disc erosion.

Some symptoms of IVDD include:

• Paralysis

• Abnormal walking

• Refusal to jump

• Pain and lameness in back legs

• Whining and yelping in pain

• Anxiety

• Hunched back or neck

• Reduced appetite

• Low activity level

• Loss of bladder and bowel control

Although Vetri Disc is considered a great option for helping dogs diagnosed with IVDD, it should always be taken with a meal. Because IVDD is more prevalent in older dogs and is a disease specifically related to dehydration, you never want to give this medication to your pet without food. 

This medication may cause your dog to feel nauseous, and they may not be interested in eating or drinking after taking it. This can lead to worsening dehydration and could lead to further complications from IVDD and other health issues. 

Hip Dysplasia

Hip dysplasia in dogs is an issue with the ball and joint socket in their hips. The ligaments and muscles start to weaken, causing the ball to come out of the socket, and it can be very painful for your pup when this happens.

Vetri Disc is used to help strengthen these muscles and ligaments to re-create the form necessary to help keep the joints in place.

Because of the unnatural movement of the hip, you want to make sure the ball and socket are in the right place when you are giving your dog medications to help keep them in place. Ensure your veterinarian is aware of all medication you are giving to your pet who may be suffering from hip dysplasia to keep an eye on the healing process. 

Avoid Vetri Disc if Your Dog Has These Conditions

The ingredients used in this medication can cause harmful side effects in some dogs with one or more of these types of conditions. Contact your veterinarian before starting your pet on Vetri Disc if they have been diagnosed with:

• Clotting disorders

• Hyperglycemia as a result of metabolic disorders

• Diabetes

• Urinary tract stones

Likelihood of Experiencing Vetri Disc’s Side Effects

No matter the type of dog you have, their age, or their conditions, this is a great product to give to any dog suffering from back and spine pain. 

The chances of side effects from taking this specific medication are limited and do not happen very often. This is a fairly safe supplement for your pet to take to help increase motion and decrease pain in your dog’s back and spine.

Whenever you are considering trying a new medication or supplement with your dog, always consult a veterinarian first. This will guarantee that there is no chance of medication inference and side effects that take place because of a bad interaction or allergy.

Other Warnings Related to Vetri Disc

The ingredients in the medication are not the only reason behind the side effects that Vetri Disc can cause if taken. Here is a list of a few other warnings you should be aware of when purchasing the product to make sure it is taken properly and safely keeps your dog healthy.  

For Use in Dogs Only

This product has only been created and tested to treat dogs. This product has not been tested for use with other animals, and the side effects or complications that could come from using this product with other pets are unknown. Do not use this product on any animal other than your dog. 

For Animal Use Only

This product has not been tested for use in humans. This supplement should never be taken or given to any human, and if human consumption takes place, you should immediately contact your poison control center.

Monitor Your Dog’s Progress

If you are giving your dog Vetri Disc for pain caused by IVDD, injury or trauma, etc., be sure to take notice of their progress or lack thereof; Vetri Disc is not going to help a dog who is suffering from back and spinal pain if the pain is being caused by medical issues unrelated to the joints and/or injuries.

Understand Vetri Disc’s Uses Before Offering it to Your Dog

If spinal or back pain comes from another medical issue such as bacterial infection, viral infection, rabies, fungal disease, or parasitic diseases, giving your pet Vetri Disc will not help them; giving them this medication may actually do more harm than good. 

This is because some of the infections could have a negative reaction to ingredients of the capsule, and giving your dog medication that doesn’t offer any type of help will prolong the complications of the disease. 

How to Limit Side Effects from Vetri Disc

There is a very low chance that your dog will experience any serious side effects from the use of Vetri Disc. However, to reduce the chances of any problem occurring, here are some tips to keep your pet safe:

Always Give the Recommended Dosage

Read the label carefully and only give your dog the recommended dose for their weight. This product could take up to a month before any progress is noticed. If you do not see any changes in your dog within the first few days or weeks, do not immediately try to increase the medication dosage.

On the other hand, if you do not see a change within a month or more and feel your pet may need a higher dosage, speak with your veterinarian before changing the amount of medication you give your dog.

Below is a table of recommended dosages for different weight classes in dogs: 

(Source: Holistic Pet Info)

If you are giving your dog more than one capsule a day, split the dosage between morning and night.

(Example: give your 30-pound dog one capsule in the morning and one at night. With three capsules for a 36-80-pound dog, split the dosages up between breakfast, lunch, and dinner time.)

Provide the Medication with Meals

When you give your dog a Vetri Disc capsule, give it to them right before or right after eating a meal. Doing this will help reduce any possible side effects that could lead to an upset stomach or nausea that could lead to vomiting. 

If you have noticed that the Vetri Disc causes your dog to stop eating throughout the day, be sure to feed them first thing in the morning and offer the medication after they have eaten and the food has had time to digest.

Keep the Bottle Stored Away Safely

Per the instructions located on the bottle, this medication should be kept in a cool, dry location. Doing this will keep the active ingredients in good condition, providing the most beneficial treatment for your dog. 

If you store your pet’s medication in the wrong type of environment, it could reduce its effectiveness and even lead to more side effects.

Another reason it is very important to store your Vetri Disc in a safe location is to keep it out of the reach of children and your pets. Keeping it placed where it is not easily accessible to children and animals will prevent accidental overdoses that can lead to serious and even deadly side effects.

Final Thoughts

When giving your dog any supplement or medication, always follow the directions carefully and keep a close on your dog’s behavior. If you ever notice any changes in their behavior, habits, and routine, contact your vet immediately. Just as importantly, keep an eye on things your dog may be experiencing that may not be as notable, like sleepiness, lack of energy, or eating and drinking less frequently.

In conclusion, Vetri Disc is a great supplement to give your dog daily to help support their spine from a whole slew of medical issues and can work great in giving your dog their lives back when taken properly.

https://www.petmd.com/dog/nutrition/evr_dg_mineral-the_right_sources 

http://www.covenanthealthproducts.com/Vetri-Science-Laboratories--Vetri-Disc-90-Capsules_p_33474.html 

http://www.vetriscience.com/sellsheets/Vetri%20Disc.pdf 

https://www.holisticpetinfo.com/Vetri-Disc-for-Dogs-180.html

Can You Give Your Pet Trifexis and Frontline Together?

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If you’re a pet owner, you know you’d do anything to keep them happy, healthy, and pest-free. Two of the most used flea, tick, and parasite treatments are Trifexis and Frontline. As a pet owner, you may be wondering: can I give my pet Trifexis and Frontline together? 

You can give your pet Trifexis and Frontline safely in combination. There are no known harmful side effects of combining Trifexis and Frontline treatments.

In this article, we’ll cover the science behind the safe combination of these two treatments, how each of them works to keep your pets flea-free, and another flea, tick, and parasite treatment guidelines to follow.

Do You Need to Combine Trifexis and Frontline?

Trifexis and Frontline can be used in combination, but it isn’t necessary for them to be effective treatments against fleas, ticks, and parasites. 

Frontline specifically targets only fleas and ticks, while Trifexis also targets common parasites (intestinal worms and heartworm infection). It’s a good idea to make sure your pet is protected from both, but it isn’t essential for either Trifexis or Frontline to be combined for effectiveness. 

How Frontline Works

Frontline is a topical flea and tick treatment and is one of the most commonly administered medications to treat and prevent flea and tick infestations. It contains:

• Fipronil. A fat-soluble flea-killing solution that accumulates in oil glands and absorbs into your pet’s skin. 

• S-Methoprene. This chemical seeps into flea and tick eggs and prevents them from releasing the hormones they need to stick to your pet’s skin and fur.

Frontline is administered through a small pouch of the solution placed at the nape of your dog or cat’s neck and between the shoulder blades. This placement prevents your pet from licking away the solution before it can take effect.

How Long Does Frontline Last?

Frontline protects your pet from fleas and ticks for thirty days. A dose should be given monthly to ensure full protection.

It is not recommended to use Frontline more often than once every thirty days.

The average flea life cycle lasts around thirty days as well, so if you’re treating an active infection, you should start seeing results or dead fleas around the time your pet is ready for its second dose.

How Trifexis Works

Trifexis is an orally administered flea and parasite treatment in the form of a meat-flavored chewable treat. When taken monthly, it effectively treats and prevents flea and common parasite infestations (like roundworm, hookworm, heartworm, and whipworm) with the following ingredients:

• Spinosad. This is the flea-killing ingredient in Trifexis. It works by targeting, paralyzing, and killing fleas.

• Milbemycin oxime. Prevents heartworm disease, hookworms, roundworm, and whipworm. 

Trifexis is best administered with food to prevent an upset stomach. It should also be noted that Trifexis is suitable for dogs only and is not recommended for cats.

If you see live or dead worms in your pet’s vomit or stool, take them to their veterinarian right away. They may have a parasitic infection too advanced for over-the-counter treatments like Trifexis to treat and could require stronger prescription medication. 

How Long Does Trifexis Last?

Trifexis is effective for thirty days, and your pet should receive a monthly dose to ensure full protection.

It is not recommended to use Trifexis more often than once every thirty days.

Safely Combining Trifexis and Frontline

It’s perfectly safe to combine Trifexis and Frontline treatments because the active ingredients do not have any adverse chemical reactions when used together.

However, every pet is different. Some animals respond better to one combination of treatments than another. Always consult your veterinarian before combining flea, tick, and parasite treatments.

Things to remember when administering Trifexis and Frontline:

• Trifexis should always be given just before or after mealtime to prevent upset stomach and vomiting.

• Your pet should not go swimming for two days after Frontline has been administered.

Because Trifexis and Frontline are treating two separate issues (Trifexis treats parasites and Frontline treats fleas and ticks), they are safe to use in combination.

“Doubling Up” and Medication Combinations to Avoid 

“Doubling up” is the term commonly used to describe using two different medications to treat the same issue. You should never use two different treatments for the same issue. This is because:

• Different brands of medication used to treat the same issue often have the same active ingredients. Giving your pet more than the recommended dose of any of these ingredients can have severe consequences.

• Different medication brands used to treat the same issue may not contain the same active ingredients, but the ingredients present are potent and could potentially cause damage if used in combination. 

Because Trifexis and Frontline use different active ingredients, they are safe to use in combination.

Always check the label for warnings and directions of use, and consult your veterinarian before combining flea, tick, or parasite medications.

Can I Use Flea Collars in Combination with Trifexis and Frontline?

In short, yes. There are flea collars that are safe to use in combination with Trifexis and Frontline. If you’re going on a hike or on a trip with your pet where the risk of flea and tick infestation is particularly high, flea collars are a highly effective way of preventing fleas and ticks from targeting your pet.

Some of the most popular flea collars that can be safely combined with Trifexis and Frontline are outlined below.

Seresto Flea Collar

Seresto comes in various sizes and dosages, perfectly suited to fit dogs of varying sizes and ages. When used correctly, it:

• Repels fleas and ticks within 24 hours of initial application

• Kills existing fleas and ticks within 2 hours of initial application

• Works on contact, no painful bites from fleas or ticks required

• Continues working for up to eight months

Seresto is an odorless, grease-free way to protect your pet from fleas and ticks. It can be safely used in combination with both Trifexis and Frontline.

Hartz UltraGuard Flea and Tick Collar 

Primarily manufactured for large dogs, Hartz UltraGuard Flea and Tick Collar is another great option for pet owners and is safe to use in combination with Trifexis and Frontline.

• Combats fleas and ticks for up to 7 months after initial application

• It kills fleas and ticks on contact

• Water-resistant, fights fleas and ticks even when wet

Hartz UltraGuard should only be used on dogs over 12 weeks of age.

Pet Armor Flea and Tick Collar for Dogs and Cats

Pet Armor’s Flea and Tick Collar is formulated to effectively prevent and kill fleas and ticks on both dogs and cats.

• Protects cats and dogs from fleas and ticks for up to six months

• Waterproof protects against flea and tick infestations even when wet

• Adjustable for a secure fit

Pet Armor’s Flea and Tick collar is safe to use in combination with Trifexis and Frontline on both dogs and cats.

EasyDefense Flea and Tick Collar for Dogs

EasyDefense offers a completely natural flea collar for dogs. It uses the following natural flea and tick repellants to protect your pet:

• Geraniol (an extract from Geranium flowers)

• Thyme

• Peppermint

This collar also:

• Contains all-natural, non-toxic active ingredients

• Contains zero synthetic insecticides

• Is made from nylon for a comfortable fit

• Is infused with natural botanicals

• Is durable and water-resistant 

Because this collar is made from 100% natural and non-toxic active ingredients, it’s perfectly safe to use in combination with any flea, tick or parasite treatment.

Other Safe Combinations

There are other brands of flea, tick, and parasite preventative medications that can be safely given in combination with each other. Here are some safe combinations to keep in mind.

Capstar or Comfortis

Capstar and Comfortis are both orally given flea treatments that are safe to use with both cats and dogs. They both start killing fleas within thirty minutes of administering and continue to treat flea infestations for thirty days. 

Both Capstar and Comfortis can be safely given in combination with any of the following:

• K9 Advantix II

• Frontline Plus

• Advantage II

• Revolution 

• Pet Armor

• Advantage Multi

• Frontline Top Spot

• Sentinel 

• Farnam Bio Spot

Flea Collars

Many of the most commonly used flea collars, including the collars we’ve covered above, can be used safely in combination with any of the following:

• Frontline Plus

• Revolution

• Pet Armore

• Frontline Top Sport

• Farnam Bio Sport

• Trifexis 

• Interceptor

• Certifect

• Advantage Multi 

It’s important to use the correct size collar for your pet and to consult your veterinarian before using a flea collar in congruence with other flea and tick treatments.

Unsafe Combinations

You need to be careful if you are thinking of combining some medications. Some heartworm medicine and other drugs shouldn’t be combined. Consult your vet before giving your pet any medications.

Heartworm Medication: Heartguard

Heartworms are the most lethal of parasitic infections, and it’s important to make sure your pet is fully protected. Heartguard is the most commonly used heartworm prevention treatment and can be used safely with flea, tick, and parasite treatments if the second medication does not target heartworms. 

Heartguard should never be given in combination with a second treatment that also protects against heartworms. This can have severe and even deadly side effects.

Flea Medicine and Flea Shampoo

Flea and tick medications are tough on your pet’s liver, and veterinarians warn that combining these treatments with topical shampoos and flea baths can be too much for your pet’s liver to process, resulting in liver damage and adverse side effects.

It’s important to never use flea treatment, oral or topical, congruently with flea shampoos. Instead, wait until a few days has passed since your pet has finished initial treatment to bathe them with flea shampoo if necessary.

Common Medications That Should Not Be Combined 

The following combinations are unsafe and should never be given to a pet at the same time:

• Frontline Plus and Advantage II

• Advantage Multi and Revolution

• Advantage Multi with anything other than Capstar or Preventic 

• Frontline and Advantix 

These combinations can be challenging for your pet’s organs to process at the same time. Congruent use of these treatments should be avoided at all costs.

Flea, Tick and Parasite Prevention For Cats

Just like dogs, there are several great options for preventing fleas, ticks, and parasites in cats. Here are the most common treatments and the perks of each one:

Revolution Plus

Revolution Plus offers the broadest range of protection for cats. It treats and prevents:

• Fleas

• Ticks

• Ear mites

• Roundworms

• Hookworms

• Heartworms

Revolution plus is a topical formula meant to be administered once a month. It is not recommended to use it more frequently. 

Bravecto Plus

Bravecto Plus is a convenient option for protecting your cat from parasites, requiring only one dose every two months. It protects your cat from:

• Fleas

• Ticks

• Hookworms

• Roundworms

• Heartworms

Bravecto Plus is administered topically, and the dosage is adjusted according to your cat's weight. It is not recommended to use it more frequently than once every two months.

Frontline Plus

Frontline Plus is a flea and tick treatment for cats. While it doesn’t protect against common intestinal parasites, it does cover the following:

• Fleas

• Ticks

• Chewing Lice

Frontline Plus is meant to be administered topically once a month. It is not recommended to be used more frequently.

Frontline Plus is waterproof, making it perfect for cats that spend time outdoors or that can’t be prevented from getting wet after dosing.

It’s important to carefully follow dosage instructions and avoid combining medications and treatments without a veterinarian's consultation.

Flea, Tick and Parasite Prevention for Small Animals

Cats and dogs aren’t the only critters in need of protection from pests and parasites. Small animals like ferrets, rabbits, guinea pigs, and rats all need the same protection against fleas, ticks, and parasites as other pets.

Just like dogs and cats, it’s important to carefully follow dosage instructions and to not combine any medications without the guidance of a veterinarian. 

Here are the best flea, tick, and parasite prevention medications for small animals.

Advantage II Topical Ferret

Advantage II for ferrets a topical treatment meant to be given once monthly that protects against:

• Adult fleas

• Flea larvae

• Tapeworms (the ingestion of fleas can cause tapeworms in ferrets)

Advantage II for ferrets is specially formulated with the right ratios of adjective ingredients to safely treat and prevent flea infestations in ferrets. It is not recommended for other small animals or rodents.

Ultra Care Flea and Tick Spray

This is a spray-on formula that prevents fleas and ticks in:

• Rabbits

• Guinea pigs

• Gerbils 

• Hamsters

• Mice

• Pigs

Along with these animals mentioned above, Ultra Care Flea and Tick Spray are safe to use on many other small animals and rodents. It can be sprayed directly onto your pet or you can use it to clean their cages during and after a flea or tick infestation.

This treatment can be used as needed, but be sure to follow the instructions for the correct use and dosage.

Ultra Care Mite and Lice Spray

Birds aren’t as susceptible to fleas and ticks, but mites and lice can wreak havoc on a bird’s sensitive skin and feathers. Ultra Care Mite and Lice Spray help to:

• Prevent and treat mites and lice in caged birds

• Clean bird cages that have housed a bird infested with mice or lice

Like the other Ultra Care spray on this list, this treatment can be used as needed, but you should always follow the instructions listed on the bottle for correct use and dosage.

Flea, Tick and Parasite Prevention for Large Animals

Horses, cows, pigs, and other livestock also need preventative care for fleas, ticks, mites, lice, and parasites. 

Horses are the most susceptible of these large animals to parasites that live on the skin. Here are the most commonly used flea, tick and parasite treatments for horses.

Best Flea and Tick Treatment For Horses

Freedom 45 Spot On is a twelve-week topical treatment that kills and repels:

• Ticks

• Fleas

• Horseflies

• Face flies

• Horn flies

• Stable flies

• Deer flies

• Gnats

• Black flies

Each dose lasts up to two weeks and one package comes with six doses. You can find it here on Amazon.

Equi-Spot prevents ticks for up to two weeks at a time. It also:

• Is waterproof and won’t wash off from sweat or baths

• Is available in six or twelve-week supplies

• Is an easily applied topical tick treatment

Durvet DuraMectin

Formulated for oral use, this topical paste is effective at treating the following in horses:

• Bots

• Strongyles

• Pinworms

• Roundworms

• Hairworms

• Neck threadworms

Dirvet DuraMectin is safe for horses of all ages, mares at any stage of pregnancy and comes with an easy syringe for application.

Takeaway

When it comes to keeping your pet safe and free of ticks, fleas, and parasites, several quality options are available.

Trifexis and Frontline, which are among the most popular choices for the treatment of these pests, can safely be used in combination with one another, but always remember to carefully follow dosage instructions and consult your veterinarian before administering medication.

Whether you’re treating dogs, cats, small animals, or animals as large as horses- understanding safe and unsafe combinations and treatment options are essential to keeping your pet happy and healthy.

Credelio Vs Frontline: Pros & Cons of Both For Your Pet

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Owning a pet means taking care of absolutely everything they need. We feed them, give them water, make sure they have exercise, and take care of their health. One of the biggest parts of taking care of your pet’s health is preventing pests, and that includes the most common veterinary problem: fleas and ticks.

Between Credelio and Frontline, Credelio is better for an existing infection you need to eliminate quickly while Frontline is better for prevention and for the safety of pregnant animals. Both have benefits and risk factors to consider and can be used in conjunction with other preventative measures.

To properly compare the two medications, you need to understand what these pests are, how they affect pets, and what you can do to control and prevent them.

Why Your Pet Needs Protection

Fleas and ticks are dangerous parasites that live on the skin of other creatures. They feed on those creatures’ blood for their nutrients. The bites made to obtain the blood cause itchy, painful lesions on the skin. They may also pass on dangerous diseases or infections, which can sometimes prove fatal if left untreated.

The Problem with Fleas

Fleas are small, dark-colored bugs that reproduce quickly, producing many offspring that grow to adulthood in as little as two weeks. Their eggs can fall off of your pet and spread around your home, leaving you with microscopic pests all over the place that can spread to other animals, or even to people.

Fleas have a four-part life cycle, whose stages are:

• Eggs. Small eggs are laid in clusters that are invisible to the human eye.

• Larvae. Flea larvae gather on soft surfaces in order to more easily transfer to a host. They are also invisible.

• Pupae. More mobile than larvae, flea pupae will attach themselves to hosts. They are still invisible.

• Adult Fleas. Adult fleas are the only visible stage and feed on blood by biting their hosts. This blood fuels the laying of eggs, and the restart of the cycle. 

Prevention of these pests needs to take all four stages of the cycle into account in order to halt their reproduction and end an infection. Fleas gather on the head, neck, tail, and belly of dogs. They often carry tapeworm eggs, which can make a skin infection into an internal parasite that is difficult to treat.

The Problem with Ticks

Ticks are another kind of blood-sucking parasite, but their biggest difference from fleas is that when they latch to feed, they stay attached, meaning that it is much more difficult to remove them and puts your pet at risk for blood-borne infections. They also reproduce quickly.

Ticks need to be removed carefully; you’ll need to apply gentle pressure near the head to initiate the release. This is to avoid pushing infected blood back into the animal.

How Pest Prevention Medicines Work

Pest medications work very differently depending on which animal they are designed for and which stage of the life cycle they work against. You should never use a product designed on dogs on a cat, or vice versa.

There are three basic pest prevention medication types, each with their own benefits and drawbacks.

Flea Collars

One option for pest control is a flea collar. A flea collar contains a pesticide that is slowly released over time to prevent the risk of infection. This is good in theory, but in practice, tends to lead to spotty protection that is primarily localized around your pet’s neck. Though simple to use and cheap to replace, they’re significantly less effective than topical or ingested medications. 

They also don’t prevent pests for as long as oral tablets and topical medications, lasting only one to two weeks. On top of that, flea collars can irritate the skin of your pet’s neck, and, if their medication is accidentally ingested, be toxic to the animal. Most vets warn against relying on flea collars.

Oral Tablets

Oral flea and tick prevention medication are designed, as the name implies, to be ingested by your pet directly. Their active ingredients enter your pet’s bloodstream and are passed on to pests when they bite your pet, causing them to die rapidly after ingestion and interrupting their life cycle before new eggs can be produced. 

While this is perfectly effective, it isn’t necessarily completely preventative, as your pet will still receive painful, potentially dangerous bites. It may also be difficult to administer; if your pet only partially swallows a pill, or spits it out entirely, then reapplication might be unsafe, and you’ll waste parts of the tablet.

Topical Medications

The most popular form of flea and tick control medication, especially for dogs, is topical medication. A topical flea and tick prevention medication is applied to the base of the animal’s neck and absorbs into the skin to provide a physical layer of protection for them.

Many, if not all, topical medications last roughly thirty days if maintained properly (for instance, avoiding bathing immediately before and after application, and limiting bathing to an as-needed basis). Unfortunately, topical medications also tend to leave oily residue on your pet’s skin and might pose issues if there are other animals in the home.

How Credelio and Frontline Shape Up

Among topical medications, there are a few top leading brands most often recommended by veterinarians. Two of these are Credelio and Frontline, which are similar in effect but work from different medications and different application methods. Here’s how they work.

Credelio

Credelio is a fast-acting oral medication (to be taken with food) specifically designed by the Elanco company to eradicate fleas and ticks starting about four hours after ingestion and lasting roughly one month. Because it is an oral tablet, it’s a good option for dogs with sensitive skin who might react poorly to topical applications.

Its active ingredient is Lotilaner, a pesticide in the Isooxazoline family that targets the pests’ nerve systems. This is especially effective against ticks, as it can cause them to release more quickly and easily. The problem with Credelio is that because it is an oral tablet, it doesn’t affect flea eggs and larvae, and so it would need to be used in conjunction with another medication for longer-lasting prevention. 

Credelio prides itself on having a stripped-down, basics-only formula. By “purifying” their product, as they put it, they’re able to offer a safer, smaller tablet that protects your pet without cramming in extra filler ingredients. They claim that this makes it gentler on your pet’s system, although they do warn that there is still a risk for seizures and other neurological symptoms in dogs who take this medication.

It is available through prescription only and is safe for dogs older than eight weeks. There is no Credelio product for cats.

Frontline

Frontline is another fast-acting medication, created by the Boehringer Ingelheim company. It’s been a staple product for pest prevention for roughly twenty years and comes highly recommended by veterinarians. Their most popular product, Frontline Plus, is applied topically, which is good for pill-averse pets. 

It works on both fleas and ticks. Its active ingredients are Methoprene and Fipronil. It also absorbs quickly and deeply, meaning that, with proper maintenance, it’s extremely water-resistant. It is still an exterior application, though, so it isn’t completely waterproof, which might be problematic for dogs who frequent the water for work or play.

It’s important to note that the active ingredients of Frontline are extremely poisonous to rabbits, so if you have a rabbit in the house with the cat or dog treated by the product, they could be in serious danger if the pets play together. It can also provoke serious dermatological reactions if your pet happens to be allergic to any of the inactive ingredients in the medication.

Because Frontline is topical, though, it’s safe to use on breeding, pregnant, or lactating dogs. It’s safe to use on smaller dogs and works to kill fleas at all stages of the life cycle, meaning it is more effective at preventing future infections. Frontline products come in varying formulations based on the type of animal (cat or dog) and the size of your animal-based on their weight.

Choosing Between Credelio and Frontline

When deciding how to protect your pet, you should contact your veterinarian. Always discuss the detailed pros and cons for your particular animal, and take your vet’s recommendations into account. That being said, here’s a quick lineup of the pros and cons of each medication to consider.

All things considered, if you are focusing on preventing infection, Frontline is the more satisfying and safe option, whereas if you are focusing on treating and eliminating an existing infection, Credelio is the better and faster-working option.

It really does depend on the type of pest infection you are looking to handle.

How to Treat a Pest Infestation

If your pet does become infected, there are a few things you can do to help them recover quickly. Used in conjunction with preventative medications like Credelio and Frontline, these can keep your pet from suffering more serious side effects.

Treating for Fleas

Fleas are most easily treated with a specialized shampoo that contains pyrethrin, which is a repellent and pesticide chemical derived from chrysanthemum flowers. Once your pet has been washed, use a flea comb, a thin-toothed comb designed to pick up adult fleas, eggs, and “flea dirt” (waste products) and remove them from your pet’s hair.

You may need to seek additional help from your veterinarian in the form of an emergency fast-acting medication. Make sure that you thoroughly wash everything your pet has come into contact with, and keep one of the fleas as a sample in case more problems develop, for ease of identification.

Treating for Ticks

Ticks don’t usually infest in large numbers, which is good, but it does mean you’ll have to manually inspect for individual insects. When you find one, you’re going to need to be very careful with how you remove them.

Using tweezers, gently but firmly grasp the head of the tick. Get as close to the skin as you can; you want to avoid pushing any consumed blood back into the bloodstream in case of infections. Pull the tick firmly and directly upwards, making sure that all parts of the insect detach from the animal. Completely disinfect the bite to prevent any infections.

Once again, you’ll want to keep the removed tick in a small jar of rubbing alcohol or water. This is important if your dog develops any serious complications, as it can help local health authorities trace outbreaks and take measures to control them.

How to Prevent Pest Problems for Your Pet

On top of choosing the appropriate medication for your pet, you should also be sure to take regular routine-based measures to prevent pest problems in your house. This gives you another line of defense and control should the medications be ineffective for any reason.

Clean Your Home Often

Clean soft surfaces in your home, including dog beds, blankets, rugs, and coats, often to prevent the development and spread of eggs and larvae. Steam cleaning is especially effective at killing off fleas at all stages, so consider using this method to deep clean regularly, every two to three weeks. 

Light cleaning should still happen weekly, and vacuuming, if you have many carpeted areas or fabric-cushioned furniture, should happen daily if possible. You should also rinse or wipe off your shoes before bringing them into the house, as you can track them in the soles’ treads. Getting rid of the eggs and larvae through meticulous cleanliness can interrupt the life cycle and prevent infestation.

You should also be sure to check your pet for any pests before bathing them and after they spend extended time outside. Carefully check their eyes, ears, bellies, and tail areas frequently for any signs of discoloration, inflammation, or strange bumps. You should also comb through their fur with a flea comb to identify any adults or waste products that can point to a larger infestation.

Monitor Outdoor Environments

Monitoring when and where your pets play outside is extremely important in keeping pests under control. Some factors that you can look out for include:

• Temperature. Hotter environments tend to be better breeding grounds for pests. Consider limiting your pet’s outside time during the hotter months of the year.

• Humidity. Damp environments are the perfect ecosystem for bugs and other pests to thrive, especially when combined with heat. Consider keeping your pets indoors during the most humid times of day and of the year.

• Standing water. Standing water with no current, such as an outdoor pool or birdbath, or other container that has become filled with rainwater, can hold eggs and larvae for a variety of pests, including mosquitoes, that will bother both your pets and you. Tip out any standing water that you have; if you have a pool, run the filtration system regularly to keep the water moving.

• Plantlife. Certain plants can easily attract and house dangerous pests. One example is Spanish Moss, which is a known favorite of ticks and is incredibly common in the American Southeast. Remove these plants from your property if possible. There are also repellent plants, like citronella grass, sage, and mint, which you can incorporate into your landscape design to act as natural controls.

Cleaning your yard is an important part of keeping pests away from it. This means regularly mowing your grass, pruning foliage back, and cleaning up the clippings and other waste products left behind by this maintenance. Make sure that your pet does not have access to debris containment or disposal piles, and that you keep main play areas open and free from the significant overhang.

Keeping Your Pets Safe

No one wants to deal with health problems for their pets, and though fleas and ticks may look like a minor inconvenience most of the time, they’re still dangerous. Pests like this can carry debilitating, permanently damaging, and sometimes even fatal diseases that can make your pet suffer much more than just a bite.

This is why prevention and fast treatment are absolutely essential parts of owning an animal. We all want to keep our pets as safe as possible for as long as possible, and making sure that we’ve got the right medication for them is important. Knowing your options and learning the pros and cons of each one is the responsible thing to do to keep your pet happy, healthy, and by your side.

Sources:

https://www.allivet.com/t-frontline-plus-vs-credelio.aspx 

https://www.1800petmeds.com/comparison?cgid=cat50&p0=prod11932&p1=prod10459

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynEMFFj-PSM  

https://www.gardendesign.com/plants/mosquito-repellent.html 

https://frontline.com/plus-for-dogs

https://www.credelio.com/ 

https://www.petbasics.com/parasites/fleas/ticks/how-to-get-rid-of-fleas-ticks-in-yard/

https://www.epa.gov/pets/controlling-fleas-and-ticks-around-your-home 

https://drjustinelee.com/how-to-pick-a-flea-and-tick-medication-for-your-dog-or-cat-dr-justine-lee/

https://www.healthline.com/health/healthy-home-guide/how-to-get-rid-of-fleas#pet-flea-removal 

https://www.ccspca.com/blog-spca/education/get-rid-of-ticks/#:~:text=Use%20tweezers%20to%20grasp%20the,the%20wound%20to%20prevent%20infection. 

Cat Meows In Pain When Picked Up: What Does This Mean?

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Cat owners love to cuddle and hold their cats, and many cats loved to be picked up and carried around. However, sometimes a cat may meow in pain when they’re picked up and maybe a sign of concern.

As with human babies and parents, cat owners become attuned to their cat’s meows and hearing a pained meow can be devastating, especially if you’re showing affection.

If a cat meows in pain when you pick them up, especially if they usually enjoy being held, some things that could be going on are a broken bone, an infection, or cancer. You should always observe your cat’s behavior to know if you should suspect a condition or if they don’t want to be held.

Cats have evolved to mask their pain because predators will be more attracted to them. You may not know your cat is in pain until they let out that painful meow.

Regardless of the reason causing your cat’s pain, you’ll want to have your cat examined immediately to rule out any worst-case scenarios and treat anything that is ailing your cat. 

Infections

Everyone gets an infection at some point in their lives, and cats are not exempt from this. Cats are susceptible to several painful infections that will cause them to meow in pain, including:

• Respiratory infections

• Internal or external abscess

• Urinary tract infection

• Mastitis

What to do

If your cat yowls in pain when you pick them up and has also been lethargic and has obvious signs of infection (such as an infected wound or pus in their urine or feces), you must take them to the vet to be examined.

Your vet may ask for a urine or stool sample, so if you have to wait a day for the appointment, ask if you can pop in ahead of time to pick up a sample cup for them to run tests.

Even if you can’t get a sample before the appointment, most vets will let you get one after. Here are great videos showing how to collect a cat’s urine and fecal samples from a litter box.

At the appointment, your vet will evaluate your cat’s pain, take your cat’s temperature, listen to their heartbeat and breathing, and they most likely will take blood cultures. Depending on the severity of your cat’s condition, they may ask you to allow your cat to stay overnight. 

Treatment

Depending on the infection, your cat will receive different treatments. Most infections will be cleared up with an antibiotic injection. For some infections, you’ll have to give a liquid or pill antibiotic to your cat. 

If your cat is expected to be in severe pain during their treatment, your vet may prescribe a mild painkiller to ease their pain. When giving pain medications to a cat, follow the dosing instructions carefully. It is easy for a cat to overdose.

Arthritis

Like humans, many older cats develop arthritis, which is an inflammation of the joints that can cause pain. This comes from years of using your bones, and it’s normal wear and tear. Genetically, some people and cats are more susceptible to developing arthritis. When you pick your cat up, and they yowl in pain from arthritis, you might be pressing on a trigger point.

Cats are more likely to develop arthritis after the age of seven.

Certain breeds are also more likely to develop arthritis than others, such as Maine Coons and Siamese.

What to do

If you suspect your cat has arthritis, you should take them to the vet to be examined. The vet will then give them an x-ray to check their bones and joints.

This is also to rule out other conditions, such as bone cancer. Your vet may also suggest some further testing, such as a blood or urine culture if they suspect there’s anything else going on.

Treatment

Most arthritis in cats is treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) prescribed by their vet. Even though many of the medications that cats receive for pain are given to humans, the dosages are significantly different. You should never share your medicines with your cat if you’re on the same one. 

If your cat is overweight or obese, your vet may suggest switching their food to reduce their weight to reduce the amount of stress on the joints. Some cat foods may also be enriched with minerals to rebuild the worn-away cartilage that causes their arthritis.

At home, you should make several changes as well, such as:

• Removing or giving easier access to common jump points. Miniature staircases and ramps are excellent to help arthritic cats climb to the couch or bed.

• Getting a litter box with a lower sidewall for easier access.

• Try to keep your cat on one story of the house to prevent them from having to walk up and down the stairs.

• Regularly groom your cat because their arthritis may be preventing them from cleaning themselves.

Injury

Even though cats supposedly land on their feet every time, they may land the wrong way and injure themselves. If you have more than one cat in the house or if your cat spends time outdoors, they may also roughhouse or get into fights that can cause injuries.

What to do

If your cat is meowing in pain, the injury is severe enough to have to take them to the vet. Your vet will examine them for any external wounds. They will also use an x-ray to check for any broken bones or fractures.

Treatment

If your cat is diagnosed with a bone or muscle injury, it is crucial to modify your home similarly to how an arthritic cat’s home should be changed. It will be difficult, but try not to let them use the injured area to prevent further injury. 

Some cats may be put in a cast, and your vet will also prescribe a pain medication to help them cope.

Cancer

As with all of the other conditions mentioned, like humans, cats can get a variety of cancers that can cause them pain when you pick them up. Cats may not show symptoms at first, so even if your cat isn’t experiencing any symptoms, your cat should be taken to the vet regularly for routine exams for early detection.

What to do

If you suspect your cat has cancer, you should bring them to the vet immediately. They will run a series of tests, depending on your cat’s symptoms. Some of these tests include:

• Blood work

• Biopsy

• MRI or CT scan

There are also feline cancer specialist veterinarians. Ask your vet if they can make a referral if your cat has cancer.

Treatment

Cancer treatment in cats is relatively similar to a human’s cancer treatment. If there are removable tumors, your vet will ask to schedule surgery to remove your cat’s tumors. If your cat has surgery, remember not to pick them up unless necessary. You should also treat their wounds and prevent them from irritating them further.

Further, cats can receive chemotherapy, radiation, pain management, and compassionate care depending on the type of cancer.

Other Problems

While the listed problems are the most common causes for a cat to meow in pain when they’re picked up, there are some other conditions your cat may have that your vet will want to rule out, such as:

• Gastric problems including acid reflux, constipation, impacted feces, impacted hairball, food intolerances

• Poisoning, whether accidental or on purpose

• Internal or external parasites including botflies, worms, giardia, and ticks

What Not to Do

If your cat is in pain, your first instinct may be to give them medicine to alleviate their pain, just as you would do for yourself or a child. You should never give a cat pain medication unless prescribed by a doctor. Cats metabolize medicine differently than humans, and this could put your cat in more pain or kill them.

You should also never give your cat old medication from a previous visit. If you suspect your cat might have a recurring infection or pain and you have leftover medicines for your cat from their last vet visit, do not give them the old medication.

It could be expired or be the wrong type of medication for the current condition.

If your cat is in pain, don’t poke at, pick up, or examine them yourself. At this point, the only time you should touch them is if they want attention or to put them in the carrier to bring them to the vet. Depending on the condition, continuously touching them could worsen the condition and put them in more pain.

What Does a Painful Meow Sound Like?

Cats have all different types of meows for varying reasons. They meow when they’re hungry, they want attention, to go outside, and even when they’re in pain.

Sometimes cats even meow as if they were talking to you! Cats can even meow when you pick them up, and it’s not every time that it’s a painful meow.

A painful meow sounds like a mix between a yowl and a whine. It’s also known as caterwauling. A cat may caterwaul for many reasons, pain being one of them.

If you think your cat is in pain, you should take them to be examined by a veterinarian immediately. You should also note other behaviors and symptoms they may be expressing to help your vet better diagnose your cat.

Symptoms

Behaviors

• Lethargy

• Limping

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea

• Retching without producing liquid or a hairball

• Swatting or hitting

• Hissing

• Hiding when it’s not normal

• Loss of appetite or not drinking

• Urinating outside of the litter box

• Decreased mobility

• Under or overgrooming

• Increased amount of time sleeping

Conclusion 

If your cat suddenly starts meowing in pain when you pick them up, you should immediately take them to a veterinarian. Be sure to know your cat’s symptoms and behaviors to help your vet with a diagnosis. 

How Fast Does Pro Pectalin Work? Here's The Answer

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It's the middle of the night; you sleepily stumble down the hallway when suddenly you step in a slippery pile of mush that your favorite furry friend has left smack-dab in the middle of your walking path.

Concerned for your pet's well-being and the lifespan of your carpets, you decide to call the vet. Your veterinarian recommended that you use Pro Pectalin™ to regain balance in your pet's digestive system. You may be wondering; how fast does Pro Pectalin work? 

Typically, if your pet is not showing signs of improvement within 24 – 48 hours or if their condition worsens, take them to the vet. If you have a young puppy or kitten, it is best to take them to the vet immediately; their immune systems are not built up yet, and they can become dehydrated quickly. 

To learn more about the positive effects of Pro Pectalin and how it is used, continue reading this helpful guide.

Active Ingredients - How Pro Pectalin Works

Pro Pectalin typically works quickly in most situations due to the three active ingredients. They work together to restore the balance in your pet's digestive system. The active ingredients are: 

• Enterococcus faecium. A probiotic that is used to restore digestive balance 

• Kaolin. An ingredient that helps to absorb toxins and thicken the stool

• Pectin. An ingredient that helps to absorb toxins and thicken the stool

Pro Pectalin works by absorbing the bacteria and toxins in your pet's digestive tract while restoring the microbial flora for a happier, more balanced digestive system. 

Common Causes of Digestive Disruption

Many things can cause your pet's digestive system to become upset. The following list has the most common things that disrupt a pet's digestive balance. 

An abrupt change in pet food brands. It is never a good idea to just change your pet's brand of food. In most cases, this will result in loose stools or diarrhea. 

When changing food brands, do it gradually. Start by adding a little of the new food to the old food every day and increase it daily until you have completely phased out the old brand of food. 

Antibiotics. If your pet has been on antibiotics for any reason, they run the risk of having loose stools because antibiotics disturb the balance of the bacterias in the digestive system. It is always good to give your pet a probiotic of some kind while they are taking antibiotics. 

Bowel blockage.

Your pet will often eat something they are not supposed to and cannot pass it through their digestive system; this item then becomes trapped and creates a blockage in their digestive tract. 

One of the first symptoms of a blockage is typically diarrhea, so if you have a companion who is notorious for eating inappropriate things, keep a close eye on them. 

If you see them having loose stools or diarrhea, take them to the vet for an abdominal x-ray. You will be amazed at the crazy things that your pets will ingest. 

Environmental changes

Environmental changes can include things such as: 

• Boarding in a kennel 

• Introducing a new pet or baby to the family 

• Moving to a new home 

• Traveling 

Animals are people too, and they have feelings just like us. When they are upset or experiencing change, their systems can be thrown out of whack, just like their human companions's.  

Ingesting the wrong things.

The wrong things can be anything that is not labeled safe for your pet to eat. Examples of the wrong thing for your pets to ingest are: 

• Chicken bones

• Garbage

• Other animal's feces/cat litter 

• Other animals

• People food

• Rocks

• Toys

Other conditions

In some cases, when all of the usual treatments have been performed, more invasive diagnostic tests such as bloodwork or biopsies may be required in order to discover if your pet has an underlying condition or disease that could be causing chronic diarrhea. 

Parasites. The presence of parasites can definitely be a cause of diarrhea. Parasites feed off of your pet's intestinal lining and cause lots of problems. Using a monthly preventative is the best way to avoid this issue. 

Dosing and Administration of Pro Pectalin

Administering medicine to your pet can be a bit tricky at times. Fortunately for you, the makers of Pro Pectalin have made a tasty way of giving your pet the medicine it needs. 

With Pro Pectalin, you have the option of giving a tasty chew treat or an equally delicious version in gel form for those picky pets who refuse to take a pill of any kind. 

Pro Pectalin may be given every eight hours or as often as your veterinarian recommends for your current situation. 

The following table gives you the recommended dosage of Pro Pectalin for dogs and cats. 

As we mentioned, it is always recommended to bring young kittens or puppies to the veterinarian when there are loose stools or diarrhea. The reason is that they are still developing their immune systems and cannot fight off bacterial infections and dehydration as well as older animals. 

No Prescription is Necessary

The great thing about Pro Pectalin is that you don't have to have a prescription to purchase it. You can easily purchase it from your veterinarian, online, or at any local pet retailer. 

Pro Pectalin is a good item to keep in your pet's medicine cabinet or first aid box for times when they may need a little help with their digestive system. 

Avoid the late-night trip to the veterinarian by keeping Pro Pectalin on hand for emergency situations. It is also a great idea to keep Pro Pecatlin on hand if you plan on traveling with your pet or if you plan onboarding them in a facility when you go away. 

You can administer it as a preventative and also have it on hand in case of a situation. There are times when a dog or cat may have a chronic illness that causes them to have frequent loose stools or diarrhea. Many times veterinarians will put your pet on a regimen to prevent diarrhea. 

Vetoquinol™ Pro Pectalin Tablets

These tasty tablets are made for dogs and cats. They can be given orally or crumbled on their food. This product helps reduce loose stools and diarrhea due to: 

• Changes in diet 

• Stress due to environmental changes

• And more

A 250 count container of tablets costs around $60.00

Vetoquinol Pro Pectalin Oral Gel

This gel can be used on dogs and cats. It is best for smaller breeds of dogs and cats. It is also great for pets that refuse to take their medicine properly. Pro Pectalin oral gel comes in a tube that makes it easy to dose and administer. One tube costs around $30.00 

Diarrhea causes dehydration. Be sure to keep your pets properly hydrated and give electrolytes when experiencing severe bouts of diarrhea. 

Stay Balanced by Avoiding Stressors

The best medicine is prevention. Try to avoid the things that can disrupt your pet's digestive system.

To be safe, keep Pro Pectalin on hand for times when prevention was not possible. Always follow the directions as labeled and consult your veterinarian if symptoms persist for more than 48 hours. 

Sources: 

(https://www.vetoquinolusa.com/pro-pectalin#tab-0-0), 

(https://pentec-consulting.eu/enterococcus-faecium-is-it-safe-views-from-taiwan-usa-and-eu/#:~:text=Generally%2C%20E.,widely%20used%20around%20the%20world.), 

Compassion Fatigue In Veterinarians: How To Deal With It

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Working in the veterinary field requires a person who has an exorbitant amount of compassion and love for animals and a strong desire to help them when they are in need. Being a veterinarian can be a very rewarding and fulfilling profession; however, it can take a toll on your emotions and lead to compassion fatigue. 

Compassion fatigue is a condition that occurs when veterinarians and caregivers absorb the negative energy that comes along with the not-so-pleasant aspects of veterinary medicine, such as:

• Animal abuse

• Difficult clients

• Illness, injuries, and death

• Toxic work environments

If you are a veterinary professional and would like to learn more about compassion fatigue and how you can fight it so you can focus on what you love to do, continue reading this helpful article. 

Statistics Show That Compassion Fatigue is Real

In the United States, there are approximately 115,000 veterinarians currently practicing. 

Studies show that approximately 16% of these veterinarians have had suicidal thoughts due to the constant stress caused by certain aspects of their profession. 

Sadly, approximately 2% of veterinarians have acted upon those negative thoughts. If you do the math, that is approximately 2,300 suicides that could have been prevented if they had addressed and treated their compassion fatigue symptoms.  

When other veterinary professionals and caregivers were questioned, a staggering 74% claimed to have symptoms or feelings of compassion fatigue, and around 43% had suicidal thoughts because of a toxic professional environment.

Compassion Fatigue – In-Depth Definition

Compassion fatigue is a condition that veterinarians and other veterinary professionals can fall victim to if they do not keep their emotional health in check. It can affect your mental and physical well-being if you aren't proactive. 

The following list gives the dominant reasons that veterinarians and other veterinary professionals fall victim to the dreaded and sometimes unavoidable compassion fatigue: 

• Dealing with difficult moral and/or ethical dilemmas 

• Dealing with difficult clients and situations 

• Dealing with negative team members and/or toxic work environments

• Tirelessly exhibiting empathy toward your clients and their beloved animals  

• Working long hours for little pay with few breaks 

Compassion Fatigue – Identifying the Signs

Now that you know what compassion fatigue is, you may be wondering how to identify its signs in yourself and your veterinary team members. When emotions are high and morale is low, it affects your veterinary practice's overall well-being. 

The following list will give you the signs of compassion fatigue to watch out for in your personal life, professional life, and practice environment:  

Personal Life

Professional Life

Veterinary Practice

• A negative change in your physical  appearance/hygiene

• Anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts 

• Bad attitude, cynical, bitter

• Changes in personality

• Clumsy or accident prone where normally are not

• Forgetting things 

• Irritable behavior

• Isolating yourself from others

• Lack of motivation, lethargic, lazy

• Lack of self-confidence

• Lack of sympathy or empathy for others

• Lacking a sense of urgency

• Losing interest in activities that you normally love to do

• Not as patient as once was

• Quick to anger

• Quick to cry or become emotional

• Avoid certain clients or emotionally difficult tasks and situations

• Indecisiveness

• Make errors in diagnosing/treating a patient

• Taking excessive sick/vacation time

• Team members and clients begin to complain about your attitude/performance

• Try to work more to avoid dealing with your emotions

• You become inefficient and/or unreliable

• You become unpredictable in your quality of work

• Attendance/tardiness issues among employees

• Low morale among team members

• Low staff retention

• Unsatisfied clients due to a lack of compassion, poor veterinary care, and/or customer service

Compassion Fatigue – Addressing the Issue

Life is all about maintaining balance. When your life becomes unbalanced, the world as you know it can quickly come crumbling down around you. To prevent this from happening, it is important to maintain a healthy professional and personal life balance. For those who work in the veterinary field, this can sometimes be a very difficult thing to do. 

Many people work in professions where they can easily separate their work from their personal life. People like veterinarians and other caregiving medical professionals are not able to separate the two as easily. Many take their work home with them, literally. 

People who work in the veterinary field tend to be more empathetic by nature and can absorb the energy and feelings of those that they are caring for on a daily basis. It can be very hard to separate those feelings and emotions from other aspects of their lives, and before they know it, things can snowball out of control to the point of becoming burned out. 

Compassion Fatigue Leads to Burn-Out

Many people in caregiving positions tend to put their patients' needs before their own, which leads to compassion fatigue and burn-out. Burn-out is another very real condition that veterinarians and other veterinary professionals experience. Often, the term is used interchangeably with the term compassion fatigue, but they are not the same thing. 

Burn-out occurs when the symptoms of compassion fatigue go untreated

Once burn-out occurs, the best thing to do is take a step back and reevaluate your life and goals. You will need to decide if being in the veterinary industry is truly your passion or if it is time to move onto something else. 

Preventing and Treating Compassion Fatigue

To prevent yourself and your veterinary team members from falling victim to compassion fatigue, it is important to maintain a welcoming and supportive workplace for your employees. 

Many veterinary professionals state that they feel compassion fatigue and/or burn-out due to a toxic work environment. Whether dealing with difficult team members or poor management of the practice, these factors can build up and create a huge problem for a veterinary practice. 

From Fatigue to Fulfillment – Making the Change

Unlike our ever-happy, four-legged friends, it is so easy for us humans to fall into the trap of negativity. For instance, you could perform nine tasks perfectly but make a mistake on the tenth task. In most cases, that is where you or your peers will aim the focus. 

In general, people tend to focus on the negative aspects of life, which can easily take over the positives. Life is all about energy and balance. If you are focusing on the negative, that is what you will get back in your life. 

Adversely, if you change your approach and view the positives, you will find that your "luck" will change, and things will start to go more smoothly for you. It is the basic law of attraction; the energy you put out is the energy you will get back. 

Bolster Morale to Banish Compassion Fatigue 

You may be wondering how you can combat compassion fatigue in your personal life and veterinary practice. Many veterinary hospitals are now being proactive by offering emotional support services for their veterinarians and other veterinary team members. The following information explains other ways that veterinary practices can help their team members avoid becoming apathetic in their personal and professional lives.

Here are some things that can be done "in-house" to bolster morale and keep compassion fatigue and burn-out at bay: 

Appreciate Everyone's Contributions and Efforts

Veterinary practices can boost morale by showing their veterinarians and team members that they are valued and appreciated. When people feel that their hard work is being noticed, they are more likely to: 

• Get along better with their team members 

• Provide better care 

• Work harder

Boosting morale by recognizing those who are making positive contributions to the veterinary practice is sure to reduce negative feelings toward work. 

Be Aware of the Signs

Knowing how to identify the signs of compassion fatigue and burn-out is crucial to maintaining a veterinary practice's well-being. By knowing the signs of compassion fatigue and burn-out listed above, you can take steps to nip a problem in the bud and keep things on the up and up. 

Be Flexible When the Unexpected Happens

Life can be crazy sometimes. We cannot predict what will happen from day to day and what can come up that needs to be taken care of on short notice: 

• Personal affairs 

• Sick children,  

• Vehicle issues, 

When these situations occur, veterinary practices should be somewhat flexible with their team members. 

If someone works in an environment that is not flexible, it can cause anxiety and stress. Because, among other reasons, the employee may be worried that they may lose their job if they handle their personal business. Giving your staff the feeling of being secure in their job is important to keeping morale up. 

Brief Breaks Help Staff Stay Healthy

Working in a veterinary hospital can be extremely hectic, and sometimes it is hard to find the time to tie your shoe, let alone take an actual break for a few minutes. 

Although it can be difficult to schedule breaks in an unpredictable environment, veterinary practices must arrange their schedule so that everyone can take an occasional small break throughout the day to decompress. 

Frequent Check-ins Reduce Issues

The best way to know how veterinarians and team members are faring is to do regular individual employee meetings to check how they feel and if they have any concerns that need to be addressed. By staying in touch with each team member, veterinary practices can ensure that any issues are being handled and everyone is getting along. When the team is happy, it shows in their work, and clients will notice too. 

In addition to individual meetings, it is important to have frequent team meetings as well. These meetings are good for:

• Acknowledging the hard work that everyone has been doing

• Addressing any issues that may be occurring

• Discussing ways to improve service and care

• Providing training on new treatment methods

Team meetings don't have to be a negative experience. By adding praise and goals to the discussions, team members are more likely to comply with and promote what the practice is trying to achieve. 

Education Results In Better Care 

Education equals empowerment. Veterinary practices that provide virtual learning for their veterinarians and team members see an overall improvement in care and service levels. Team members also feel more valued when they see that their education is important to the practice owners. 

Instilling Positivity Stops Stinkin' Thinkin'

Encouraging positive thinking and behavior among veterinarians and veterinary team members is key to keeping morale intact. Negative thoughts create negative outcomes. 

Keep Up with the Times 

You want to ensure that your veterinary practice performs to its fullest potential. In that case, it is important to stay current with what the industry is recommending for equipment and technology to maintain an efficient and smoother flowing environment. 

When veterinarians and team members use equipment that works properly, they can focus on what they are truly there to do and care for the animals rather than constantly struggling with faulty or out-of-date equipment. 

Have an Open Door Policy

Keeping the lines of communication transparent between veterinarians, team members, and practice managers can be difficult at times. It is important that employees feel that they can talk to someone when they have an issue or have a question. 

Plan Your Schedule Carefully

It can be very difficult to tell a person who is requesting veterinary care that you do not have enough time in your schedule to help them. This is a major part of why those working in the veterinary profession become fatigued or burned out; it is hard to say no to an animal in need. 

While it is very difficult, it is important to set scheduling boundaries with your clients, so they know what to expect and possibly offer them the number of a local emergency veterinarian if you cannot help them at that particular time. 

When a veterinarian and is overbooked and overworked, their performance can be affected, and they run the risk of making poor decisions or providing rushed care which in the long run will hurt the reputation of the veterinary practice. 

Recognize and Validate Team Member Concerns 

When a veterinarian or veterinary team member has an issue, it is important to validate and address it quickly. When a person feels that they are being heard and respected, they are more apt to perform better and work better as a team.  

Time-off Allows Mental and Physical Rejuvenation 

Many veterinary practices are now requiring that veterinarians and team members periodically take time off to help them stay mentally and physically in tune. This provides the means that they can provide the best care possible. When an individual is tired or feeling the effects of compassion fatigue, they will not perform as well. 

Virtual Visits Save Time 

Another way veterinary practices are reducing the in-house workload is by offering virtual visits for routine and non-emergency issues. This reduces the amount of scheduling and unnecessary running around for things that can be taken care of over the phone or video and allow veterinarians and team members to focus on the patients that need the most care. 

How to Say No to Compassion Fatigue in Your Life

Things you can do in your personal life to fight off compassion fatigue include: 

Avoiding Isolation Reduces Negativity

To keep from falling into the trap of compassion fatigue, stay connected with friends and family. Isolation will only compound the symptoms and make things harder. Don't be afraid to talk to someone close to you about how you are feeling. 

Get That Blood Pumping

Exercise is great for getting your blood pumping and staying in shape, but exercising also creates endorphins. Endorphins promote positive feelings, so the more you exercise, the better you will feel. 

Get Your Z's

When you are not getting the proper amount of sleep it affects every aspect of your life. If you are tired, you are not going to perform as well as if you are well-rested. When you are tired, it results in mistakes and poor quality of work. To be in the best mental and physical state, you must get plenty of sleep. 

Fuel Your Body for Sucess

Eating the proper foods and drinking plenty of water is the best way to keep your body healthy. Frequently eating small healthy meals will keep your blood sugar from dropping and causing the mid-afternoon slump. You will be more alert and generally feel better when you fuel your body with the proper nutrition. 

Take the Load Off 

Take some time off when you start to feel that nagging negativity set in. Make time to do activities that you enjoy. 

Sometimes all we need is some time away from our regular daily grind to recharge our minds and refresh our outlook on life. 

Positive Environments Curb Compassion Fatigue

Working in a positive environment allows veterinarians and team members to give the best care possible. If you are a veterinarian or a veterinary caregiver and have been experiencing any symptoms of compassion fatigue or burn-out, it is key that you evaluate your mental health and seek help when you are feeling low before it is too late. 

You are not alone, and there is always help and support available for those who ask. 

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(https://todaysveterinarynurse.com/articles/the-antidote-to-compassion-fatigue/), 

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(https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/wellbeing/organizational-symptoms-compassion-fatigue), 

(https://vetsuccess.com/blog/compassion-fatigue-symptoms-signs/), 

(https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/wellbeing/assess-your-wellbeing), 

(https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/reports-statistics/market-research-statistics-us-veterinarians-2018), 

(https://www.verywellmind.com/understanding-and-using-the-law-of-attraction-3144808), 

(https://www.goodtherapy.org/for-professionals/business-management/human-resources/article/cost-of-caring-10-ways-to-prevent-compassion-fatigue), 

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(https://www.practicelife.com/en/latest/5-tips-for-preventing-burnout-among-your-veterinary-team/?gclid=Cj0KCQjw0caCBhCIARIsAGAfuMyQdbCIQ2B9-t6oA8giliJhBO5KRMS54NgY-ScCBs-hstqfXeedgXUaAgNPEALw_wcB), 

(https://www.webmd.com/depression/guide/exercise-depression#:~:text=Endorphins%20also%20trigger%20a%20positive,and%20energizing%20outlook%20on%20life.), 

How Long Is Parvo Contagious After Treatment?

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One of the most deadly and difficult to cure illnesses canines are susceptible to is parvovirus. If your dog contracts parvo, you will want to get immediate medical attention from a veterinarian—but how long is the parvo contagious after the treatment?

If a canine contracts parvovirus, they are extremely contagious and should be kept isolated from other dogs that are not fully vaccinated. A dog can begin shedding the illness prior to showing symptoms and for up to ten days after recovery. Surfaces an infected dog is in contact with should be sanitized. 

Anyone who takes in a new puppy or has a dog should do their best to get their dog vaccinated fully. If your dog shows symptoms of parvo, you need to get help and also keep in mind that your dog is highly contagious. If you have questions regarding the illness, keep reading!

What Exactly is Parvovirus?

If you have a new puppy or even an older dog, parvovirus is something that you need to be aware of. Unfortunately, for many puppy’s parvo is a very harmful disease that can often lead to death. You will want to be educated on this disease and be prepared to battle it should your puppy contract it. 

Most commonly, you will hear of canine parvovirus referred to as parvo, which is a highly contagious disease. This can be spread very quickly from infected dog to infected dog or even contaminated grass or items. Your puppy can even get the disease from indirect transmission which is when you pet an infected dog and then pet your puppy or dog. 

The illness itself is a disease of the stomach and small intestines, which can be deathly damaged by this illness. While the small intestine is often most damaged by the illness, it can also attack lymphopoietic tissues, the heart, and bone marrow. Without proper treatment, this illness will almost always lead to death. 

How Do Dogs Get Parvo?

When it comes to parvovirus, the most susceptible pups are those that are between six weeks and six months. Luckily, puppies under six months will have some of the mother’s antibodies if the mother dog was vaccinated properly. However, once they hit the six-week mark, they will be susceptible to the disease until they are vaccinated fully against the illness. 

Ensuring your puppy receives their shots at the correct schedule and fully is key. Some things to keep in mind when it comes to protecting your pup against parvo are:

• Puppies should receive parvo vaccination shots at six, eight, and twelve weeks of age. They are vulnerable to the disease until all three shots are taken. 

• Your puppy should also receive a dose of parvovirus vaccine between 14 and 16 weeks of age. This will provide your dog with adequate protection. 

• If your dog is unprotected, your dog can get parvo any time that it comes in contact with the virus. This can be from another animal, soil, a rug, flooring, bedding, a dog bowl, a food dish, toys, and practically anything where the virus can live. 

• Parvovirus can vary greatly when it comes to the overall severity and survival rate. Puppies that are weaned early can have more severe parvo cases due to stress. 

The best defense against parvo is just to be aware of the potential vectors and to always vaccinate new puppies on the regular recommended schedule.

How Long is Parvo Contagious?

If you suspect your puppy has parvo, which we will further discuss signs of, you will want to seek help immediately. The quicker you get your puppy help, the more likely they are to survive the illness. If your puppy has parvo or is on the mend from the disease, it is more important than ever to monitor your other pets and keep your puppy in a specific area. 

The illness is extremely contagious and remains contagious often after the dog has recovered from the initial symptoms. It is critical to remember how contagious the illness is and some things to remember are:

• Dogs and puppies with parvo will start shedding the virus around four to five days after exposure. 

• Your dog may not show symptoms of the disease before they begin shedding the illness. This means they can be spreading the illness without your knowledge. 

• Puppies or dogs with parvovirus can continue to shed the virus for up to ten days after they have recovered. 

• You should always keep your dog that has had or currently has parvo away from other pets. If you have other dogs or puppies that are not adequately vaccinated, keeping them away from the infected pet is critical. 

• The virus can survive inside of your home for at least a month. On outdoor surfaces, the illness can actually survive for many months or up to a year if conditions allow for it. 

Canine parvovirus is extremely contagious and remains so for quite a long time.

Do Vaccinated Dogs Spread Parvo?

While vaccinating your dog fully will protect them against parvo, this does not mean that they will not be carriers of the disease. Vaccinating your dog does not make it a carrier, but it can carry the disease if it comes into contact with the illness. The shedding virus can be picked up on the feet, fur, or body of the dog. 

Once your dog has picked up the virus on its body, they can pass it to other pets in your home or pets they come into contact with. If your pet is not fully vaccinated, they can then lick their paws or contaminated fur and contract the virus. 

Other Ways Parvo Can Spread 

While the parvovirus can spread from infected dog to infected dog, it can also be spread by direct contact with the virus. The virus can live on surfaces for a long time and can be spread very easily. If a dog that has been sick with the virus comes into contact with items, these can easily be contagious. 

One way that the virus can spread extremely easy is through the feces or vomit of an infected dog. Since the virus goes through a shedding process, it exits the body in this way. If your dog comes into contact with these bodily fluids, they can very, very easily contract the illness. 

Some other ways that parvo can spread to your dog or puppy are:

• The virus can live on outdoor surfaces for extended period of times. The virus itself can withstand extreme temperatures. If you suspect your dog has gotten the virus from the land around your home, you will want to seek help sanitizing these areas. 

• Your dog does not have to be around other dogs to catch parvo. They only have to come into contact with the virus itself. 

• Parvovirus is not airborne but is quickly spread on soil and other surfaces. The virus itself can live on surfaces even if feces or vomit has been washed away. 

This is why it’s essential to keep new puppies away from any public areas where other dogs have been, since they can so easily pick up the virus from other dogs’ feces, drool, or even just places on the ground where they have been.

Disinfecting Your Home After Parvo

If you have a dog or puppy that has had parvo and has recovered or is recovering from it, sanitizing your home is key. Not only can the disease itself cause a lot of gastrointestinal issues that need cleaned up after, killing the virus is essential. At any point if your dog vomits or uses the restroom in your home, it should be deeply sanitized. 

If you cannot fully clean an item that your dog has used, it is best to discard of it. An item that may have fecal matter on it should be discarded or deeply sanitized.  Large items that are more difficult to clean and cannot be discards should be steam cleaned and sanitized as much as possible. 

Your home will require a full, deep clean once your dog has recovered. If you have other pets that have not been fully vaccinated, you will want to keep it out of any areas the infected dog has been. If you feel that you have not fully cleaned the home, you will want to keep any unvaccinated dogs away from your home for at least a year or seek professional help. 

Some of the cleaners that are available today that have been proven to kill the parvovirus are:

• Wysiwash, Bruclean, Rescue, and Trifectant. These can be sprayed onto areas where your dog has frequented and used to wipe down surfaces. 

• A cheap and easy way to kill the virus is to create your own bleach solution. Mix one part bleach to 30 parts water, covering areas that may be in contact with your dog with this solution. Let the solution sit for ten to fifteen minutes before rinsing it off to kill the virus. 

• You can also soak your dog’s dishes, toys, bedding, blankets, and other items in a bleach solution. Wash any fabric items you can in a washing machine with hot water and bleach. 

• Any fecal matter from your infected dog should be removed from your yard. You should hose down these areas fully. While sunlight and cleaning products can help sanitize outdoor areas, the virus can live up to a year. 

Thankfully, proper vaccinations mean that this is only a short-term problem. Once your new puppy is fully vaccinated (including all three doses), then they are safe from the virus.

Protect Your Pup Against Parvovirus 

It is extremely important that you do everything you can to protect your dog against parvo until they are fully vaccinated. At the first symptom of parvo, recognize that your dog needs professional help and is highly contagious. While the illness is very deadly, should your dog recover fully, you must sanitize your home deeply and protect against infecting other pets. 

https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/what-every-puppy-owner-needs-to-know-about-parvo-in-puppies/#:~:text=Puppies%20with%20parvo%20continue%20to,unvaccinated%20and%20partially%20vaccinated%20dogs.

https://canineparvovirus.org/how-parvo-spreads/

https://animalfoundation.com/whats-going-on/blog/8-tips-prevent-parvovirus-your-dog-or-puppy

https://www.thesprucepets.com/parvovirus-disinfecting-the-environment-of-parvo-3385003

Can You Cut Trifexis In Half? Here's The Answer

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Properly preventing parasites in our beloved canine friends can become costly, especially when you have multiple dogs. Elanco™ has created a beef-flavored chew called Trifexis™ that reduces some sticker shock by combining medications to prevent multiple types of parasitic infestations. You may be wondering if you can save money by cutting a large Trifexis chew in half to split between your smaller dogs.

Many people try to save money on their pets' parasite protection by purchasing larger doses and splitting them up between their smaller animals. In some situations, this may be acceptable; however, Trifexis chews cannot be split into multiple doses due to the composition of the ingredients. 

Continue reading to learn more about Trifexis and how to prevent and treat parasitic infestations in your four-legged family members. 

More About Trifexis and How it Works

Trifexis is a tasty beef-flavored chew that your dog will love to take because they think it is a treat! Simply give one chew to your dog once a month as a preventative. This will help keep your faithful friend healthy and prevent them from bringing nasty parasites into your home. 

The active ingredients in Trifexis are Spinosad and Milbemycin oxime. When these two medications are combined, they create a great defense against internal and external parasites. 

Trifexis may be given to puppies that are at least eight weeks old and weigh at least five pounds. Trifexis is made for dogs only. Elanco offers other products for your feline friends. Visit their website for more information. 

The great thing about Trifexis is that it begins to work within 30 minutes of ingestion and takes full effect within four hours before the flea can lay any more eggs. Don't freak out if you start to see traces of worms in your dog's stool; this means the Trifexis is working. 

Trifexis does not kill existing flea eggs, but it will kill the fleas when they hatch and prevent more eggs from being laid. 

More on Why You Cannot Cut Trifexis in Half

Let's get back to the original question in the title of this article. Can you cut a Trifexis chew in half? The answer is no. This is because the active ingredients in this medication are not equally distributed throughout the treat. Therefore you won't know if you are giving your dog the correct dose. 

If you decide to take the largest treat and cut it in half for two smaller dogs, one half may contain more medication than the other half. In one way, you could potentially overdose one of the dogs, and on the other hand, you may even be giving them too small of a dose, which will also render it ineffective. 

Either way, by cutting Trifexis in half, you will end up with more frustrations from the risk of parasites and most likely end up spending more money on treatment than if you had just purchased the correct dosage in the first place. The moral of the story is, don't cut corners when it comes to protecting your pets and family from parasites

Dosage and Administration 

Trifexis comes in five easy-to-administer doses. 

Simply choose the weight range that is appropriate for your dog(s) and watch as they devour them with joy. 

You may wonder what you should do if your dog weighs over 120 pounds. Besides considering a diet, you will need to use more than one chew to make up the weight difference. 

For example, if your dog weighs 155 pounds, you would use one of the largest tablets in addition to one designed for a dog that weighs 20.1 – 40 pounds to make up the weight difference. 

Administer Trifexis on a Full Stomach

Always remember that dogs are people too, and as with humans, dogs can become queasy from taking certain medications. It is recommended that you give Trifexis to your dog with food or right after they have eaten. The reason for this is to prevent them from vomiting the pill up before it has time to absorb into their bodies. 

For situations when a dog does vomit after ingesting Trifexis, you should consult your veterinarian about whether or not you need to administer another dose. Typically if they have the chew in their system for two hours, you do not have to give another dose. If they vomit within the first hour, however, you will most likely need to give another. 

Trifexis works by being absorbed through the digestive system. This is the other reason it is important to give this medication with food. As the food digests, it also helps absorb the medication into the bloodstream. If you give Trifexis on an empty stomach, it will still work but may not be as effective because it won't be absorbed as much as it should be. 

Test for Heartworms Before Administering Trifexis

As with any heartworm preventative, it is necessary to have a negative blood test before giving your dog Trifexis. If your dog is positive for heartworms, you will need to discuss possible treatments with your veterinarian. 

Heartworm treatment can be very costly, and the result is not always guaranteed. Giving your dog a heartworm preventative while it is positive for heartworms can cause sudden death. Heartworm preventatives do not kill the adult heartworm.

Giving a heartworm-positive dog a preventative will not cure them; preventatives will only kill the microfilariae (immature heartworms) to prevent them from maturing into adults, but if you have a positive test, a preventative will be moot. 

Not so fun fact about fleas: Flea eggs can survive in an environment for six months to over a year in the ideal situation. Have you ever rented an apartment that has been vacant for a while and suddenly has a flea infestation? 

Most likely, the previous tenants had animals with fleas. They laid eggs, and when the people moved out, the eggs remained dormant until the next unsuspecting victim moved in. 

The vibrations from vacuuming can cause the eggs to hatch, and that is why so many people have problems when moving into homes that have been vacant for a while. 

Having a Routine is Key to Proper Prevention

Life can get busy, especially when you have multiple people and pets. Who has time to remember if the dog has had its monthly flea prevention? The best way to maintain proper parasite prevention is to keep it on the calendar every month on a specific day.

It does not matter which day you choose; once you pick a day, stick to that same day every month. This will keep you in the habit and ensure that your dog is properly protected from the nasty parasites that try to make them their home. 

Don't Wash Your Money Down the Drain

Another great perk of giving your dogs Trifexis as a monthly preventative is that you no longer need to use those messy, oily topical parasite preventatives. If your dog is groomed frequently, the shampoo will reduce the efficacy of the medicine you applied, which will put your pet at risk for contracting parasites and waste your money because you are literally washing it down the drain. 

Cutting Corners Costs Consumers

If you cannot afford the vet, don't get the pet! We all love our furry companions, but owning a pet comes with great responsibility. 

Ensuring that your pets are properly cared for can be costly, but cutting corners to save money can be deadly. Avoid saving money by cutting Trifexis in half and find other ways to save your hard-earned cash while caring for your furry family members. 

Sources:

(https://cherryhillanimalclinic.com/files/2017/04/Heartworm_Prevention.300140645.pdf), 

(https://pet.elanco.com/us/en/trifexis), 

Can a Neutered Dog Impregnate a Female? Here’s the Answer

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If you are a pet parent two both a male and female dog, you might have concerns as to whether the two dogs might affect one another, for example, you might fear your male pup impregnating your female pup. Fortunately, you can (and should) get your pups spayed and neutered, for both your dog’s health and your own peace of mind.

Unless a male dog has sex immediately after its neutering procedure (which is unlikely), a female dog will not become pregnant if they have sex.

Even if your male pup did manage to have sex with a female dog within the same week of getting neutered, that female might only become pregnant on the off chance that the male dog has dormant sperm.

Spay and neutering procedures successfully prevent pregnancies in dogs all around the world. Once your dog is neutered, you can rest assured they are not going to get any female dogs pregnant. However, it might be wise to keep an eye on them that first week after surgery, just to be safe.

Can a Neutered Dog Impregnate a Female Dog?

Technically it could happen immediately after the surgery, due to the phenomenon of dormant sperm. Males of most animal species, dogs included, can remain fertile for up to six weeks after operation. Though unlikely, your freshly neutered male dog could get a female dog pregnant if they engaged in sex the first few days or weeks after your neutered dog’s surgery.

After a neutering procedure, sperm will no longer be produced. This means that, except for any dormant sperm those first few weeks after neutering, your male dog is no longer able to father any litters.

For this reason, it is best to take precautions to always watch your dog after their surgery and keep any female dogs (especially female dogs in heat) away from your newly neutered pup. This is suggested regardless as you do not want your dog to lick themselves and accidentally open their stitches after their surgery.

Ultimately though, it would be nearly impossible for your dog to get a female dog pregnant week or more after the neutering procedure. If the neutering procedure wasn’t affective, after all, it is unlikely vets and other animal experts would continue to recommend it.

Can a Neutered Dog Still Lock with a Female Dog?

Yes, a neutered dog can still lock (have sex with) with a female dog, as the neutering procedure only removes a dog’s testicular sacks. While neutered dogs cannot impregnate a female dog and therefore make babies, they can most certainly still have sex.

Neutered dogs are less likely to have an urge to have sex, however, as by nature the neutering procedure eliminates the hormones that create sex drives.

What Exactly is the Neutering Procedure?

When a dog is neutered, both testicles and their respective structures are removing from the body permanently. The goal of the procedure is to render the male unable to produce sperm and therefore unable to impregnate female dogs. The procedure itself is known as castration. 

While veterinarians can technically perform vasectomies on dogs (where the dogs’ tubes from the sperm sack are severed), it is not commonplace. 

Can You Reverse a Neutering Procedure?

No, you cannot reverse a neutering procedure. For this reason, be sure this is the right choice for you and your pet. Always consult your veterinarian first if you have any worries or reservations. For once your dog is snipped, there’s no going back!

The Best Age to Neuter a Dog

According to the ASPCA, the best age to neuter a male dog is between six to nine months. Technically, puppies as young as eight weeks old can be neutered if they are hearty and healthy. While there is technically no age limit to when a dog can be neutered, you don’t want to wait too long to get the procedure, otherwise the additional behavioral and health benefits may not be as likely rendered. 

Why You Should Consider Spaying or Neutering your Pet

Spaying and neutering procedures are recommended by virtually all veterinarians. There are many benefits to the procedures, the first of which being it helps to control the pet homelessness crisis that is not only a problem in countries like The United States but in countries all over the world.

When unwanted pet pregnancies occur, or when homeless pets have litters, unfortunately, there are not enough homes to go around and these uncared-for dogs and cats end up at shelters and then euthanized. Therefore, it is wise to get your animals spayed and neutered so they do not add to this problem.

Another reason to get your dog neutered is that it may help prevent the likelihood of your dog getting testicular cancer.

Behavioral Welfare

Spay and neuter procedures help with certain behavioral issues. For example:

• Spayed females will no longer go into heat (or ‘bleeding seasons.’) This is preferred for pet owners as females might bleed for five days, every three weeks, and that can get all over the house. Females in heat also tend to howl and urinate more in an effort to attract a male companion to mate with. 

• Some pet owners find their neutered males somewhat better to behave. One such example is that neutered dogs and cats tend to mark their territory with urine less than unneutered dogs and cats.

• Some neutered dogs are less likely to hump or mount objects or people, are less inclined to run away to seek a mate and tend to show less aggression (due to their lacking levels of testosterone).

*A word of caution*

Getting your dog neutered is not a surefire way to fix any or all behavioral issues. While it is true neutered dogs mark less, etc., neutering your dog will not guarantee a shift in this behavior. There certainly will be a decreased amount of testosterone in your dog’s body, but there will still be some testosterone. 

Neutering especially does not reduce behaviors that were learned and never corrected (like chewing on furniture).

What are Neuticles?

Some pet owners feel remorse over removing their dogs’ testicles (though this often doesn’t seem to be the case for owners removing their dog’s uteruses…something to investigate in our culture perhaps.)

For those pet parents who can’t bear for their male dogs to be parted with their parts, they can get their dogs neutered and get implants called neuticles to replace the real testicles. Yes. This really exists. They are testicular implantations. They were created by a company called CTI, which specializes in other types of animal prosthetics like prosthetics eyes, ears, and limbs!

The Key Take Away

Neutered dogs can technically impregnate a female dog up to six weeks after their neutering procedure due to dormant sperm. However, after a male dog loses its testicular sacks, it will no longer produce sperm, and therefore will be unable to sire future litters.

Neutering your dog is a wise choice to prevent unwanted K-9 pregnancies, in addition to unwanted unruly male dog behavior (like marking territory with urine, humping, and running away.) You can get your dog neutered as soon as eight weeks if they’re healthy, but the typical neutering age is between six and nine months old.

Give your pup and yourself peace of mind, and help reduce the homeless dog and cat population by ensuring your pet is neutered. After all, you can always get your pup some neuticles.

Overactive Scratch Reflex In Dogs: Is This A Problem?

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If you have a dog or have spent a significant amount of time around dogs, then you've probably noticed how frequently they scratch themselves. Does that action make you wonder whether you should be concerned about a real issue if your dog is consistently and excessively scratching?

Overactive scratch reflex may suggest that your dog has a problem that requires a veterinarian's attention. This overactive condition is often a result of either allergenic or neurological-related causes, and symptoms may range from mild to severe depending on a variety of factors.

To best care for your dog, you'll want to make sure you understand the causes, what treatment options are available, and which factors may impact the symptoms' severity. Keep reading to find out all you need to know, plus preventative measures you can take to guard your dog against overactive scratch reflex!

Scratch Reflex in Dogs

In order to understand the intricacies of overactive scratch reflex in dogs, you must first understand the basic canine scratch reflex. 

Canine scratch reflex refers to involuntary kicking of the hind leg in response to stimulation of a dog's receptive area.

This reflex is generally theorized as an adaptation to ward off bugs and other irritants. While a dog's hind leg and/or foot are unlikely to be able to reach an affected area and remove the irritants, the physical movement may effectively prevent further biting or burrowing.

What are Receptive Areas?

You may have noticed this involuntary reflex when scratching your dog's belly. If you stimulate a particular receptive area, you may see a continual kicking motion in your dog's hind leg. This is because when you stimulate the area, your dog's nerves communicate an involuntary kicking response to their hind leg.

In addition to the belly, the ear may also evoke an involuntary scratch reflex in your dog. This is referred to as the pinnal-pedal scratch reflex and is often used to narrow down canine medical diagnoses. Its presence is typically associated with very specific medical conditions.

Since this response is prompted by external stimulation, it is important to read emotional and behavioral cues from your dog. While you may assume their reaction is out of playfulness and joy (which it very well might be), you'll want to make sure it is not a hyperactive response that might indicate a medical problem. 

How You Can Assess Overactivity

The line between a normal and overactive scratch reflex in dogs can, at times, be quite vague. In general, you'll want to be on the lookout if this scratching reflex starts to get in the way of your dog's basic activities and behaviors, including:

• Eating and drinking proper amounts

• Normal urination and bowel movements

• Going on regular walks

• Sleeping continually through the night

• Maintaining energy levels throughout the day

If any of these routines are affected by your dog's scratching, this is the clearest sign that they may be dealing with a medical issue that requires treatment and the help of a trained veterinarian. If you have any doubts, then it is best to err on the side of caution and seek professional help rather than going it alone.

Allergenic Causes of Overactive Scratch Reflex

Allergic reactions are one of the two primary causes of overactive scratch reflex in dogs. 

Many different types of allergies can impact your dog, including but not limited to:

• Atopic dermatitis

• Canine scabies

• Flea allergies

• Food allergies

• Seasonal allergies

These conditions can range widely in severity, so it is important to understand these allergies and what causes them.

As you will notice further down, many of these allergies have similar associated symptoms, making the actual diagnoses quite difficult. Unless you know the sure cause of an allergic reaction in your dog, you should let a professional handle the diagnosis and determine an optimal treatment plan.

Signs of Flea Allergies

Flea allergies are one of the most common skin conditions in dogs. These allergies typically present in the summer, when temperature conditions are most optimal for fleas.

Flea Allergy Symptoms

Flea allergies can lead to several symptoms, including:

• Constant and severe itching

• Hair loss

• Raised red or pink bumps

• Raw skin or bleeding near hind legs, belly, or tail

These symptoms can severely damage your dog's skin and may last for several weeks after the initial fleabite.

Treatment for Flea Allergies

If you suspect your dog has flea allergies, it is important to consult a veterinarian who can check if your dog's skin or fur has fleas and order blood/skin tests if there is a different suspected cause.

Should your dog have a confirmed flea allergy (with associated itching and inflammation), a veterinarian may recommend antibiotics or a topical, oral, or injected medication. If you want a simple solution to alleviate the most acute symptoms, you can give your dog a cool water bath to mitigate irritation.

Additionally, you must be sure to clean the surrounding area to remove other fleas, flea eggs, and larvae. These can commonly be found on your dog's bedding, your personal bedding, and even your carpets, rugs, chairs, or sofa cushions.

Warning Signs of Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is a genetic predisposition to itchy (pruritic) skin that results from the inhalation of environmental allergens like pollen, house dust, grass, weeds, mold, and fungi. Many dogs that have flea allergies also tend to suffer from atopic dermatitis.

Symptoms of Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis leads to extensive itching – at times localized and at other times all over the body. In general, however, itching usually affects the following areas:

• Armpits

• Ears

• Face

• Feet

• Front legs

The specific location of itching is an important factor in determining the type of allergy. Itching like that found in dogs with atopic dermatitis can be confused with itching resulting from flea allergies.

Atopic Dermatitis Treatment

Some treatments are available to dogs with atopic dermatitis, though it is hard to prevent this condition entirely since environmental allergens are often difficult to control. A veterinarian should be able to recommend the best treatment based on which symptoms your dog presents.

• Cortisone drugs (i.e., steroids) can effectively decrease inflammation and itching but can also lead to unwanted side effects like excessive drinking/urinating and shortening your furbaby's lifespan. 

• Antihistamines combined with essential fatty acids (EFAs) have fewer side effects but can take months to be effective.

A more targeted option is to get your dog an intradermal allergy test (IDAT) that determines which allergen is the main culprit. If it is reasonably possible to avoid the problematic allergen, this is your best option – but avoidance is likely impossible.

If this is the case, you can try allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT), which involves injections to stimulate an immune response and mitigate future reactions. ASIT, however, requires injections every few weeks and can take upwards of 6-12 months to be effective.

Seasonal Allergy Awareness

Seasonal allergies can affect dogs just like they affect humans. Depending on the conditions in a specific season – or during a change in season – your dog may be significantly affected for long periods of time.

Symptoms of Seasonal Allergies

There are many different symptoms associated with seasonal allergies, some of which include:

• Clear, runny nose

• Itchiness in armpit, groin, muzzle or paws

• Recurrent ear infections

• Red, swollen eyes

• Sneezing

These symptoms typically present due to factors that occur only at certain times of the year, like tree/grass pollen and fresh grass during fall or summer.

Seasonal Allergy Treatment

While the presence and change of seasons (and associated allergens) are unavoidable, there are many different ways you can manage your dog's seasonal allergies.

If your dog's symptoms are mild, you can use simple over-the-counter remedies like antihistamines. There are also oral prescription medications that can remedy itching or moderate your dog's immune response to allergens – these require a veterinary prescription and annual exams.

Prescribed allergy serum is another option and involves staged doses of allergen injections over time. You can perform these injections at home with the help of guidance from a dermatology-specialized veterinarian.

Another treatment option can be managed via nutrition. Purchasing specific dog food with therapeutic formulations will help manage seasonal allergies. This approach can be used on its own or in combination with medications.

Learn About Food Allergies

Food allergies are an immune response to particular types of food. These allergies are not incredibly common in dogs, but if present, they often result from animal proteins, milk products, or wheat.

Food Allergy Symptoms

The primary symptoms related to food allergies include:

• Hair loss

• Itching

• Skin issues

As you can probably tell, food allergies present similar symptoms to those in the allergy categories mentioned prior. So it is very important to consult a professional to parse out your dog's exact allergen.

Treatment for Food Allergies

The main way to treat food allergies is by an elimination test arranged by a veterinarian (this process is typically ~3 months in duration). Your dog will be prescribed specific types of limited-ingredient dog food. Based on these results (and the presence and/or absence of a reaction), you will learn which types of food to avoid. 

Importantly, since food allergies present overlapping symptoms with other types of allergies, an elimination test might show that your dog is not allergic to any types of foods! 

In this case, your veterinarian can rule out food allergies and look into other potential allergies.

Signs of Canine Scabies

Canine scabies result from a superficial burrowing mite (sarcoptes scabiei var canis). Importantly, it is highly contagious not just to other dogs, but it can also be passed to humans and other animals depending on the conditions. 

Canine Scabies Symptoms

There are a handful of symptoms associated with canine scabies, most of which represent various stages of progression:

• Intense itching

• Small, solid bumps on the skin

• Thick, crusted sores

• Yeast or bacterial infections on abdomen, chest, ears, elbows, or legs

Given the ease with which these symptoms can worsen and spread, it is very important to identify and treat canine scabies as early as possible.

Treatment of Canine Scabies

Initial diagnosis of canine scabies requires a veterinarian's expertise, who will typically begin by collecting skin/stool samples and performing a blood test.

Proper treatment requires the removal of dirt and crust using medicated shampoo and anti-mite dip. Other treatment includes internal or topical medicines, as well as treatment for secondary infections as needed.

Neurological Causes of Overactive Scratch Reflex

While overactive scratch reflex may suggest any number of allergenic causes, it may also suggest a more serious condition known as syringomyelia. This condition can be extremely painful and debilitating to your dog.

Overview of Canine Syringomyelia

Canine syringomyelia is a "spinal cord condition characterized by fluid-filled cavities called syrinxes within the spinal cord which, as they grow, cause painful neurological deficits." (K9 Magazine).

This condition commonly impacts miniaturized and short-nosed dog breeds, though the most affected breed is the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (CKCS) due to its distinctive head shape. 

1 in 60 CKCSs are affected by syringomyelia versus 1 in 2000 for the overall population of various dog breeds.

Causes and Symptoms of Syringomyelia

The primary cause of canine syringomyelia is an abnormality in the area where the skull joins the vertebrae in the neck, which results in leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the spinal cord. The tissue, therefore, becomes enlarged, and fluid-filled cavities develop.

Your dog may experience mild or severe symptoms unrelated to the size of the syringomyelia. In general, common symptoms include:

• Back pain

• Intermittent neck pain

• Neck and shoulder scratching

• Reluctance to jump or climb

• Yelping

Syringomyelia is most often found on a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain and spine. Simultaneously, this condition may incidentally be found while scanning for other abnormalities since dogs do not always present obvious symptoms.

Syringomyelia Treatment Options

The ideal treatment for syringomyelia is to use ongoing medications, which generally serve to manage pain, treat itching, and reduce cerebral spinal fluid production. If these medications are not effective, however, then you may need to consider more serious options.

While considerably more invasive, surgery is the next best option. This would require a specialized surgeon, who would perform caudal foramen magnum decompression or a suboccipital decompression. This procedure would adjust the rear of your dog's skull and reduce fluid leakage into the spinal cord.

Unfortunately, surgery is not a guaranteed solution. In certain cases, your dog may show signs of improvement, but in other cases, your dog may require medication-based treatment even after surgery.

Factors Impacting Overactive Scratch Reflex 

The severity of the overactive scratch reflex, and the resulting symptoms, can vary widely for more reasons than simply the underlying cause. Important factors to consider for your dog include:

• Age – symptom severity may become worse with older age and strengthened immune response to certain allergens

• Breed – certain breeds are more susceptible to severe allergies or may be at higher risk to develop syringomyelia 

• Health history – for dogs with prior allergic reactions, these can worsen in severity with reoccurrence due to stronger immune responses

• Location/environment – for allergen-related causes, in particular, factors like weather, temperature, and the general surrounding environment can exacerbate symptoms 

• Time to diagnosis – delayed diagnosis can result in significantly worse symptoms due to a lack of effective treatment delivery

To the extent possible, you want to make sure you fully understand your dog's biology and environment. This will ultimately provide information regarding not only its predisposition to overactive scratch reflex, but it will also impact the severity of its associated symptoms.

Preventative Measures for Overactive Scratch Reflex

Now you are probably wondering the best way to avoid having to deal with overactive scratch reflex in the first place! Of course, syringomyelia comes from an unavoidable genetic malformation, so this is hardly controllable. But there are many preventative measures you can take to combat allergies.

One of the best preventative measures you can take is to ensure that your dog has sound hygiene and clean living conditions. Atopic dermatitis, seasonal allergies, and canine scabies are all very much intertwined with environmental conditions, so ensuring your dog is regularly bathed and clean is key.

Concerning flea allergies, you can use year-round topical or oral medications to prevent severe reactions. You can also use things like flea powders or sprays that can temporarily protect your dog from fleas if, for example, you want to take your dog on a short walk outside. 

Overall, it is natural to be concerned about your dog, and it is important to remember that you can never be too careful. Dogs can very often be born with, develop, or catch various conditions that may result in overactive scratch reflex. So, if you suspect your dog needs treatment, do not hesitate to get help!

Sources Used:

• https://hemopet.org/is-that-the-spot-why-does-my-dog-kick-when-i-scratch-him-scratch-reflex/

• https://pets.webmd.com/features/flea-allergies#1

• https://bluepearlvet.com/medical-articles-for-pet-owners/atopic-dermatitis-in-pets/

• https://www.hillspet.com/dog-care/healthcare/managing-dog-seasonal-allergies

• https://www.hillspet.com/dog-care/nutrition-feeding/dog-food-allergies-and-hypoallergenic-food?gclsrc=aw.ds&gclid=Cj0KCQiAs5eCBhCBARIsAEhk4r50ssT2FhLM_A6J6S2Q9qbzdvj-dujVNmh3BBw-YbEfR4K-RRblG5gaAmkiEALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds

• https://www.merckvetmanual.com/dog-owners/skin-disorders-of-dogs/mite-infestation-mange,-acariasis,-scabies-in-dogs

• https://www.k9magazine.com/syringomyelia-dogs-symptoms/

• https://willows.uk.net/specialist-services/pet-health-information/veterinary-neurology/syringomyelia/

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eq6qGRmhXJ8

Dog Ibuprofen Dosage Chart: Here’s How Much to Give Your Dog

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When your dog is in pain, it is stressful for both yourself and your dog; because of this, you probably want to give them a pain killer to take away the pain and stress.  But the anatomy of dogs and humans is different.  So, you need to know the dosage of pain killers and the type of pain killer to give them.

It is not safe to give your dog human pain killers that contain ibuprofen such as Advil, or even ones that do not contain ibuprofen, such as Tylenol.  These are not formulated for dogs, and giving it to them could result in an overdose and potentially death. Instead, take your dog to the vet and get a prescription for a dog-safe pain killer.

Below, we will talk about the dosage of these dog-safe pain killers you should give to your dog based on their weight; and we will go over how often to provide them with painkillers.  Also, we will talk about why ibuprofen, Advil, and other pain killers made for humans that are dangerous for your dog.

Never Give Your Dog Ibuprofen or Any Other Pain Killers Made for People.

Before we get into the pain killer dosage chart, you need to know that you should never give your dog Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) such as "ibuprofen (Advil), acetaminophen (Tylenol), aspirin or any other pain reliever made for human consumption,” unless under the direction and supervision of your veterinarian. 

Pain killers like ibuprofen may seem like a cheap alternative; after all, you don’t need a prescription for them, and you won't have to pay for the visit to the vet. They are not dog safe, though, and in the end, the money you save will not be worth the harm it could do to your dog. 

If you give your dog these pain killers, there are many negative side effects that your dog can experience as a result of taking the medicine. These side effects include:

• Ulcers

• Bloody Vomit

• Bloody Diarrhea

• Loss of Appetite 

• Bleeding Disorders

• Kidney Dysfunction

• Liver Damage

• Death

Dog-safe pain killers can have similar side effects, but they are safer because they are created with the dog anatomy in mind. 

The biggest danger with just using human pain killers is that it is not being supervised by a veterinarian. Without supervision, you could accidentally overdose your dog on painkillers, which would result in death.  Even if you do give them the correct dose, since it is formulated for humans, there is still a big risk that your dog will experience the aforementioned negative side effects. 

So, make sure your dog stays safe. If they are in pain, don’t treat it by yourself.  Take them into the vet, listen to and follow their recommendations, and get your pet back to their old self!

Pain Killers for Dogs

Now, we will talk about the pain killers that are made for dogs.  To get these pain killers, you will need to take your dog to the vet so that the medication can be prescribed to them. 

The most common dog safe pain killers are:

• Carprofen, a common brand that uses this is Rimadyl. 

• Deracoxib, the brand is Dermaxx. 

• Firocoxib, the brand is Previcox.

You always will want to follow your vet’s instructions when it comes to the dosage size of these medications.  But there are some general dosage rules you can follow for each of these medications. 

Carprofen (Rimadyl) Dosage Chart

First, we will look at the Carprofen dosage chart. This medication should only be used when prescribed by a veterinarian.

For carprofen, you want to give your dog 2 mg per pound (of their weight) once daily.

For the sake of simplicity, we will go off the recommended Rimadyl dosages, as they are a big brand that uses carprofen.

Chewables and Caplets Dosage:

If you miss a dose, you can still give your dog the medication unless it is almost time to provide them with another dose.  In this case, it is dangerous to give two doses at the same time, so skip the missed dose.  Then, continue with the regular dosing schedule. 

Learn More About Carprofen

Before you use any medication, it is not a bad idea to know a little about it, what it is used for, and its side effects; that way, you can know what you are giving to your dog.  

Knowing the medication allows you to open up a discussion with your vet, giving you the opportunity to ask what the best option for your dog is!

Carprofen, whose brand name is Rimadyl, is a dog-safe Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) that is typically prescribed to treat:

• Arthritis 

• Hip Dysplasia

• Post-Operative Pain and Inflammation

This medication is given orally, and it is recommended that you give it with food, although it is not necessary.  But giving it with food decreases the chance that your dog will get sick and throw up.

In the United States, carprofen is only FDA-approved for dogs.  When it is used for animals such as cats and other small mammals, it is considered off-label or extra-label.  Do not give the medication to any other animals you have in the house unless prescribed by a veterinarian. 

Generally, carprofen should be stored at room temperature, which is about 59°F to 86°F.  Store it at these temperatures unless otherwise noted.

Carprofen: Side Effects, Risk Factors, and Drug Interactions

Carprofen, like any medication, has several side effects and risk factors that you should be aware of before giving your pet its first dose. If your dog experiences any of the side effects below, stop the medication and talk to your vet immediately. 

The side effects of carprofen include:

• Gastrointestinal upset that includes symptoms such as mild vomiting and lack of appetite.

• Serious side effects can include, “liver, kidney, or gastrointestinal damage characterized by severe vomiting, black or bloody stools, bloody vomit, increased drinking or urination, yellow skin or eyes, severe tiredness, persistent lack of appetite.”

• There also may be neurological issues such as seizures, disorientation/incoordination, and paralysis.

• Skin effects such as scabs, itching, and hair loss.

• Allergic reactions such as facial swelling or hives.

Be aware that the medication could also affect lab results. So, even though your vet will prescribe it, make sure that everyone in the clinic knows that your dog is on these medications.  That way, you won’t get a scare from a lab result that isn’t quite right. 

In addition to the side effects, there are some risk factors to consider:

• Pets with bleeding disorders or low platelet counts should not take the medication.

• Pets that are allergic to NSAIDs or similar medications should not take it.

• If you own an old dog or one younger than six weeks, use these with caution.  

• Also, use caution for pregnant, lactating pet pets and those with preexisting conditions such as liver disease. 

Be sure to let your vet know of any medications that your pet is on, including any herbal remedies and vitamins that they may be taking. 

Deracoxib (Dermaxx) Dosage Chart

The next major pain medication made for dogs is deracoxib.  This medication should only be used when prescribed by a veterinarian. 

For this medication, it is recommended that you give your dog 0.45 mg - 0.91 mg/lb./day as a single dose as needed.

The brand name for this medication is Deramaxx.  We will go off the recommended Deramaxx dosage to create our chart for this medication. 

Before reading the chart, note that this is going off a .5 mg/lb. dosage.  Since this chart is just an example though, you should follow the dosage that was recommended by your vet.

If you miss a dose you should give it to them as soon as you can unless it is close to the time for the next one. In this case, skip the dose you missed. Once you make the correction, continue with the dosage schedule you were previously using. 

Learn More About Deracoxib

Just like carprofen, deracoxib, brand name Dermaxx, is a NSAID.  Deracoxib is used to treat:

• Post-Surgery Pain (this includes things such as dental surgeries)

• Osteoarthritis

• Other Injuries or other Pain-Causing Conditions 

Deracoxib is a chewable tablet that should be given with food to prevent an upset stomach. After eating, it takes about one to two hours for your dog to show signs of improvement. 

Remember that these are delicious chewable tablets, well at least in your dog’s mind.  Because of this, you will want to store them in a tightly sealed container and put them out of the reach of both animals and children.  Make sure that they stay at room temperature.  If your vet has special storage instructions, make sure to follow those.

Deracoxib: Side Effects, Risk Factors, and Drug Interactions

Even though deracoxib is dog-safe, there is still a chance your dog could experience side effects from the medication.  Here are some of the side effects to watch out for: 

• Changes in behavior (i.e., increased aggression, incoordination, etc.)

• Jaundice (yellowing gums, skin, or in the white of the eyes.)

• Changes in how much they drink or urinate. 

• Skin irritations such as redness or scabbing.

• Decreased appetite.

• Unexpected weight loss. 

• Seizure

• Stomach issues, such as ulcers or stomach pain.

If your dog has these side effects, stop giving them the medication and contact your vet as soon as possible. 

There are also risk factors for some dogs.  For example, if your dog is pregnant, has an NSAID allergy, or has liver disease, they will not be able to take the medication. A full list of the risk factors can be found here.  Make sure that you review your pet’s medical history with the vet before they are prescribed any medication. 

Also, make sure your vet is aware of any medications your pet is on; this includes natural remedies.  Since some medicines and natural remedies don't mix, it is important for your vet to know everything that your dog is on to give them the best care possible.  

Firocoxib (Previcox) Dosage Chart

The final major pain killer to talk about is Firocoxib.  Again, this medication should only be given under veterinarian supervision.  

The common brand name is Previcox, and the dosage is 2.27 mg per pound. 

For the dosage chart, we will go off the dosing guide provided by the Previcox website.

If you miss a dose, follow the same steps as deracoxib and carprofen.

Learn More About Firocoxib

Firocoxib, brand name Previcox, just like the other two, is a NSAID that is used to treat:

• Pain and Inflammation

• Arthritis

• Post-surgery Pain

• Pain from Trauma 

Firocoxib is unique because, although it does come in a chewable tablet, it can also be given in the form of an oral paste or compounded into a liquid.  Also, as with carprofen, it can be given without food.  But if your dog gets sick, give them food next time to combat nausea. 

Store it at room temperature.  If it is in compounded form, refer to the label for storage instructions. 

Firocoxib: Side Effects, Risk Factors, and Drug Interactions

The side effects associated with firocoxib are the same as those that are associated with carprofen and deracoxib, they include: 

• Decreased Appetite 

• Jaundice

• Changes in Behavior

• Skin Irritations 

If your dog has these, make sure you talk with the vet before continuing them on the medication. 

For risk factors, make sure that you make your vet aware of factors such as kidney disease, pregnancy, and predisposition to dehydration before you start your pet on the meds. Make sure your vet is aware of any medicine or natural remedies that your dog is taking.

Follow Veterinarian Instructions

The above dosages are the typical recommendations based on your average dog.  Each dog is different, and as a result, they may be prescribed a different dosage by your vet.

Because each dog is different, with a different medical history and needs, you need to follow whatever the vet says because they know the safest and best dosage for you dog. 

In Case of an Emergency

If your dog experiences serious side effects such as seizures as a result of taking the medicine, you need to make sure you take them to the nearest veterinary ER.

You need to be aware that a veterinary clinic is not the same as a veterinary ER.  Just like with out own doctors, clinics are for checkups and the ER is for emergencies.

Veterinary ERs are open 24/7. So, if your dog has an emergency in the middle of the night, you can drive to the nearest one and they will be able to help you and your dog.

Do not delay taking them to the ER if they are showing signs of major side effects either. The sooner you get them in, the sooner they will get treatment. 

It is good to be prepared ahead of time for any health emergency.  So, find local animal ERs and consult with your vet on which ones they prefer.  That way, you can know where to go if your pet is ever in an emergency situation. 

Conclusion

No one wants to see their pet experience pain.  Because of this, you should take your dog to the vet so that they can be prescribed pain medication.

Make sure that you give your pet the right medication and dosage for whatever weight they may be.  Although there are general rules of thumb to follow, listen to your vet's instructions on dosage as they are factoring in things such as your pet’s medical history. 

It may be tempting just to give them human pain killers, such as ibuprofen, Tylenol, etc.  But these are not formulated for dogs.  As a result, there is a much higher chance they will experience negative side effects or even overdose on the medicine.

Although dog pain killers have side effects too, they are safer since they are formulated for dogs and are given under veterinary supervision. 

With the right medication, your dog will be back to its old self before you know it! 

Sources

https://www2.zoetisus.com/content/_assets/docs/Petcare/dosage-chart-rimadyl-link-out.pdf

https://www.petmd.com/pet-medication/deracoxib-deramaxx

https://www.veterinaryplace.com/deramaxx-for-dogs-dosage-chart/

https://www.petmd.com/pet-medication/firocoxib-previcox

https://www.previcox.com/for-vets/EasyDosing.html

https://www.petmd.com/pet-medication/rimadyl

https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/carprofen

https://www.petmd.com/dog/centers/nutrition/evr_dg_pain-medication-for-dogs#:~:text=Dogs%20may%20die%20without%20appropriate,first%20talking%20to%20your%20veterinarian.

https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/firocoxib

https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/deracoxib#:~:text=What%20is%20deracoxib%3F,other%20painful%20conditions%20or%20injuries.

Can You Give a Pet Trifexis and Nexgard Together?

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Keeping your pet safe from fleas, ticks, heartworms, and other parasites is extremely important, so you may be wondering if it’s okay to combine different treatments. Specifically, can you give your pet both Trifexis and Nexgard at the same time?

In most cases, it’s okay for your pet to be on Trifexis and Nexgard at once, but you should never administer both on the same day. Wait at least 24 hours between treating with one medication and treating with the other. It’s also best to consult your veterinarian before combining any medications.

Read on to find out more about giving your pet trifexis and Nexgard together, how to administer both medications safely, a comparison of both meds, and whether or not you can combine them with flea and tick collars.

Is It Ever Safe to Combine Doses of Trifexis and Nexgard?

So we’ve already established that, if your pet is taking both Trifexis and Nexgard, you should administer the doses on different days. But are there any exceptions to this rule?

The short answer is no. You should never combine doses of Trifexis and Nexgard unless your vet specifically orders you to do so.

The reason for this is that Trifexis and Nexgard both contain active ingredients for killing fleas. There is little information whether the specific active ingredients may cause interactions or overdoses, but in general, it isn’t a good idea to combine the same type of treatment (in this case, oral) for the same pest.

That said, Trifexis and Nexgard have slightly different functions. Trifexis is used to kill and prevent flea, heartworm, hookworm, whipworm, roundworm, and lice infestations, while Nexgard is used against fleas and ticks.

There’s a good chance you want your dog to be safe from all of those pests. With that in mind, it’s generally safe to use both medications as long as you space the doses out by at least a full day. 

Still, you should always check with your vet before using Trifexis and Nexgard together. Your vet will have a better understanding of the specific uses and contraindications of both meds, as well as any reactions they might cause in your pet. 

How to Administer Trifexis and Nexgard Safely

So you’ve checked with your vet and been given the go-ahead to treat your pet with both Trifexis and Nexgard. How do you give both medications in a safe manner?

It doesn’t matter which medication you give first, as long as you give them at least 24 hours apart.

Let’s take a more detailed look at how to give each medication safely.

How to Give Trifexis

Trifexis comes in beef-flavored chewable tablets and should be given monthly. It is recommended for dogs and puppies that weigh at least 5 and are at least 8 weeks old. To administer Trifexis:

• Determine the appropriate dose. For dogs and puppies weighing 5-10 pounds, that’s one tablet. For larger dogs, follow the dosing instructions on the packaging or give whatever dose your vet prescribed. 

• Give Trifexis with food. Some dogs may eat the tablet by itself as a treat, while others may do best if it’s mixed in with their regular food. If you give it as a treat, make sure your dog eats regular food right after the Trifexis tablet. 

• Watch for side effects. If your dog has never taken Trifexis before, keep an eye on him for about an hour. Side effects are relatively rare but may include vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. If any of these side effects present themselves, call your vet immediately.

• Repeat monthly. Since the medication is only for one month at a time, it must be given repeatedly to provide continuous protection. Write down on the calendar a specific day to administer Trifexis each month.

It’s important to never miss a dose of Trifexis, as it must be given every month to remain effective.

How to Give Nexgard

Nexgard is also a beef-flavored chewable that is administered monthly. It can be used for dogs and puppies weighing at least 4 pounds and at least 8 weeks old. To administer Nexgard:

• Determine the appropriate dose. As with Trifexis, the right dose will depend on your dog's weight. The minimum dosage is 11.3 mg of the active ingredient, but may be much more for larger dogs. Discuss the appropriate dosage with your vet ahead of time.

• Give the chewable either with or without food. Nexgard does not need to be taken with food, so your dog can gobble it up like a treat if he prefers. On the other hand, if your dog will only take it mixed with other food, that’s fine as well. Either way, make sure your dog takes the whole dose.

• Watch for side effects. Nexgard may also cause some side effects on rare occasions. These side effects may include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, skin irritation, and temporary loss of appetite. As with Trifexis, call your vet if your dog experiences these adverse reactions.

• Repeat monthly. As with Trifexis, you’ll need to repeat Nexgard every 30 days. It may be helpful to put it on the calendar each month so you don’t accidentally miss a dose or give it too close to Trifexis.

Since you shouldn’t be giving both at the same time, the calendar approach is the best way to ensure you space out the two doses of Nexgard and Trifexis at intervals decently far apart from each other.

Can I Use Nexgard or Trifexis with a Flea and Tick Collar?

As a pet owner, you probably know that there are several different kinds of flea, tick, and parasite treatments. Nexgard and Trifexis are both oral medications that come in the form of tasty chewable treats or tablets. Other common types of treatments include topical drops and medicated collars.

Which brings us to the main question of this section: can you use Nexgard or Trifexis with flea and tick collars? And, more broadly speaking, can you combine oral medications with other med types?

In a general sense, the answer to both questions is yes.

Most of the time, it is safe to combine internal and external treatments because they don’t work in the same way. That said, it’s always good to check with your vet before combining treatments of any kind.

Both Trifexis and Nexgard can be safely used in conjunction with a flea and tick collar. In fact, some collars, such as those made by Preventic and Seresto, are even recommended for use with Trifexis since Trifexis doesn’t protect against ticks.

Nexgard is made specifically for dealing with fleas and ticks, so it may be a waste of money to pair it with a flea collar for the same thing. Of course, if your pet has a particularly bad infestation or seems inclined to pick up fleas and ticks easily, then using Nexgard together with a collar may provide a greater level of protection.

That said, if you are already using Trifexis and Nexgard together, then the combined effect should prevent fleas, ticks, lice, heartworms, and other parasites. There may not be any need for a flea and tick collar in such cases.

On the other hand, if you’re wanting to take your dog off one of the oral medications and use a collar instead, that is also a good option. As mentioned, Trifexis in particular works well when paired with a collar.

Again, always speak to your veterinarian before making any changes or combining your pet’s treatments.    

Final Thoughts

If your pet has an infestation of fleas, ticks, or parasites, or if you’re trying to prevent an infestation, you may think that combining multiple treatments is the best option. In particular, combining Trifexis and Nexgard will protect your pet from extra pests than either treatment could do on its own, but you should never administer both meds at the same time.

Combining treatments, in general, is not a good idea, but it may be safely done with certain types of treatments if you know what you’re doing. Always remember to consult your veterinarian before combining any treatments or medications.

Sources Used

Drugs.Com

1-800-PetMeds

Pet Bucket

PetCareRx

Animal Hospital of North Asheville

Elanco

PetVetsOnline

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Just Answer

Can Denamarin Be Given with Food? Here's the Truth!

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Liver concerns in your pet can be scary and detrimental to their overall health. Luckily, medications such as Denamarin can help dramatically with lowered liver functions and promote positive health growth. However, in order for this medication to be effective, it must be offered without food. 

Dogs or cats that have been prescribed Denamarin must take this medication with an empty stomach. The main reason that this medication should be offered at a fasted state is to increase the overall effectiveness. To receive optimum results, an empty stomach is best.

Before giving your pet any medication, it is important to learn more about it and ensure you know the best way to administer the medicine. If you have questions regarding Denamarin and how it should be given to your pet, keep reading! 

Why Is Denamarin Used, and What Should I Know About It?

A common issue that dogs and cats can run into is liver problems, which can be deadly. At times, the cause of compromised liver function can be difficult to determine. However, it is important that your pet gets help as soon as liver trouble is recognized. 

Denamarin is one medication that is often prescribed for dogs or cats that are suffering from liver troubles. This medication has been shown to increase liver levels of glutathione. This is an important compound found in your liver when SAMe is metabolized. 

The second main benefit of Denamarin is that it supports the liver through SILYBIN. This is found in milk thistle extract and has been proven to support the liver. SILYBIN can help your liver maintain a healthy oxidative balance.

Some important things to keep in mind about Denamarin are:

• The medication has been mainly studied for liver impacts. However, there is some research that has shown the medication can support cognitive function in dogs as well. 

• The SAMe created from Denamarin helps act as a neuroprotector to the brain. SILYBIN can support oxidative balance, adding to this brain help. 

• Denamarin is offered in a coated tablet for both dogs and cats. It also comes in a chewable tablet for dogs. 

• The chewable options for dogs are flavored to be tasty for your pet and comes in a single dose packaging. 

• These chewable options do offer a quicker uptake of the SAMe compared to the coated options. This is something to keep in mind when adding the medication to your dog’s routine. 

If your dog or cat is struggling with liver issues, you will want to ask your veterinarian about Denamarin. 

How to Administer Denamarin?

If your pet has been prescribed Denamarin or you are interested in getting it for your pet, administering it correctly is key. While the medication itself is relatively safe, to make it most effective you need to follow the medication guidelines. The biggest thing to keep in mind is that the medication needs to be given on an empty stomach. 

According to the company guidelines, the best way to offer Denamarin is:

• Allow at least a minimum of two hours after feeding your pet before administering the medication. The longer you can wait after food the better.

• The best time to administer the medication is after an overnight fast. This ensures the animal’s stomach is completely empty. 

• The emptier the stomach, the more likely that the medication will absorb into the body correctly. This leads to the best results from the medication. 

• After giving your pet the medication, allow at least one hour before offering food. You can wait longer than an hour to offer food but try to avoid offering food before the one hour mark. 

Follow the recommendations of your veterinarian as they are the most educated about your pet’s needs. If you have specific questions regarding administering the medication to your pet, ask your animal’s vet for additional support. However, Denamarin dosages can be changed as your vet sees fit and should be regularly monitored for results. 

Is Denamarin Safe for Pets?

Denamarin has not shown to have any serious side effects that will harm your pet. While you should always give your pet the medication on an empty stomach, this also has shown to have no major adverse reactions. If you happen to forget and your dog does have foods prior to taking the medicine, it will just lower the effectiveness. 

Of course, it is recommended that you do offer the medication without food as this is the easiest way to get the full benefits of the ingredients. The best way to ensure that the medication is working properly is to take your pet to routine vet visits.

Your pet’s veterinarian can do follow-up exams and lab work to test liver reactions. 

While there are no major reactions that have been noted from the medication and the main ingredients SILYBIN and SAMe are very safe, you should always watch your pet. If you notice any new or concerning behaviors, mention these to your veterinarian.

Also, if your pet seems to be in any gastrointestinal distress, discuss this with your vet.

Offering the Medication 

The biggest issue that you will find with Denamarin is getting your pet to take it properly without food. Many hide medications in food, treats, or pill pockets, but this is not possible with Denamarin. While some pet owners have mentioned using small amounts of food to offer the medicine in, this can affect the overall effectiveness. 

Those with dogs can purchase the chewable option of Denamarin, which is said to be flavored in a way your pet will enjoy. However, picky dogs may not enjoy this medication regardless and may not take it properly.

Luckily, there are some ways that you can get your pet to take the medication without foods.

Use the Veterinarian Technique 

Most vets can help you learn more about how to give your dog the medication easily and quickly. While this does take a bit of force and finesse, the vet way of offering medication is:

• Restrain your pet or get help from a friend. This does not have to be a dramatic restraint, just hold your dog in place. 

• Hold your pet’s upper jaw and tilt the nose upwards toward the sky. You will want to do this with little force but firm enough to keep your pet’s had in place. 

• Place the pill in your free hand and place a finger into the slight gap between your dog’s teeth. Pull the lower jaw down to open the mouth. 

• Once the mouth is open, push the pill into the mouth as far as you can towards the throat.

• Close the jaw quickly. Rub your dog’s throat to have them swallow the pill. 

By placing the pill deeper into the dog’s throat without their ability to stop this, it almost guarantees they will swallow the medication. You may want to offer a small drink of water after this to help with swallowing. Also, offer plenty of love and petting to your dog afterward as this can be a bit more dramatic. 

Trick Your Pet into Taking Denamarin

If you do not feel super comfortable forcing your pet to take the medication in this way, you can do a few tricks to encourage your pet to take the medicine. 

Some ways that others have gotten their pet to take the medicine more easily are:

• Pretend the medication is a treat. Offer the medicine in an exciting way similar to how you do treats for your pet. By acting excited, it may just trick them into thinking they are getting something good versus their normal medication. 

• Offer the medicine in a new way. If your dog goes outside before bed or first thing in the morning, offer the medicine at this time. By offering it at an unexpected time or location, your pet may not recognize it is the same medicine. 

• If you have other pets, utilize them for help. Call your dogs into a common area and begin offering treats. Instead of a traditional treat, offer the dog who needs it the medication. In the moment, they may not notice due to excitement. 

• Some dogs do not mind the taste but recognize the bottle. Do not open the pill bottle while in your pet’s vision and rather pretend it is from another container.

Overall, the best way to offer the medication is often to trick your pet into thinking they love the medicine even if they do not. 

Increase Liver Function with Denamarin 

If your pet is having liver troubles, seeking medical help now is very important. If your pet’s veterinarian prescribes Denamarin, it is important that you offer this medication without any food and it is best given at a fasted state. When no food is your pet’s system, the medication will be much more effective. 

https://askinglot.com/open-detail/432649

https://www.entirelypets.com/denamarin-for-dogs-side-effects.html#:~:text=Denamarin%20for%20Dogs%20uses%20two,lysis%2C%20and%20regenerating%20liver%20cells.

https://www.protexinvet.com/denamarin-for-dogs/p6225

https://www.vets-now.com/pet-care-advice/how-do-i-give-my-dog-a-pill/

Do You Need to Be a Vet to Own a Vet Clinic? Here’s the Answer!

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For some business entrepreneurs, the idea of owning a veterinary practice would be a dream come true. Vet clinic ownership can match strong business skills with a love for animals, and a desire to ensure that they are receiving the best care. However, this type of business arrangement is not possible in most of the country.

There are currently 15 states that allow a non-veterinarian to own a veterinarian practice. Most states prohibit the Corporate Practice of Medicine (CPOM) to keep the focus on outstanding medical care rather than profits. Laws vary by state, with some alternative forms of ownership being possible.

Any person desiring to buy into a veterinary practice must consult a qualified lawyer who can help ensure that the business acquisition is legal and beneficial for all parties concerned. For those who desire to purchase all or part of a veterinary practice in a CPOM state, there are other legal options that may allow you to share in this exciting and lucrative field of medicine.

Reasons For Purchasing As a Non-Vet

Some veterinary clients may be very confused as to why a non-vet is purchasing the practice that they frequent with their pets. There are several reasons why purchasing a veterinary practice makes good business sense, even for non-vets.

• It is a perennially lucrative business. There are millions of pets and livestock animals, all of which need care from time to time. This means that a well-trusted veterinary business can reliably earn large profits for the lifetime of the business.

• It is seen as a good business as part of a diversified portfolio. The practice owner may want to sell the business interest to an investor who is not interested in running the practice. The investor manages the financial risk, while the vet practices medicine and receives a comfortable salary and easy exit.

Reasons For Selling to a Non-Vet

While every state encourages veterinarians to set up and own their own practices, some vets hit a big roadblock when they begin to consider retirement. In states where sale to a non-veterinarian is disallowed, they may have a much more difficult time finding someone who is ready and willing to invest in the practice. 

Non-veterinarians who desire to purchase and run veterinarian practices as a business are pushing back against state regulations to do just that, and there are multiple reasons why.

• As state veterinary boards change hands, sometimes the regulations do too. Many non-veterinarians are willing to escalate the challenge to see if a compromise can be made, especially if the state government has recently changed.

• Often state laws are difficult to interpret. Occasionally a loophole can be found that allows for non-veterinarian ownership. Some find this approach worth the trouble and risk. A lawyer in the state should be able to help find the right approach for you that minimizes risk.

• Some states have strict laws that are inconsistently enforced. Non-veterinarians may go ahead and buy the business, counting on a lack of oversight. However, if the state decides to check into the business arrangement, the owner can find themselves in big trouble, with no excuses to fall back on.

• Some states may be willing to revisit the complicated issue and change regulations if a legal team is able to show that the laws can be changed and premium medical care can still be provided for the animals. 

• An employee of the practice may be adept at practice management, and have the desire and means to buy the practice when the veterinarian is ready to exit. In states that disallow this, a very well-qualified potential owner or shareholder is blocked from engaging and investing in practice ownership.

Corporate Practice of Medicine

The Corporate Practice of Medicine is a legal doctrine that prohibits any doctor or practitioner from providing services as an employee of a corporation or a business where not all of the owners are practitioners. 

This also means that a non-practitioner cannot purchase or start a business in any medical field and then hire practitioners to work in the office. Neither can a practitioner hire employee practitioners with licenses that exceed his own. In other words, a chiropractor cannot purchase a veterinary practice and then hire a veterinarian to provide medical care to patients.

CPOM restrictions include:

• Medical doctors

• Chiropractors

• Dentists

• Dermatologists

• Radiologists

• Anesthesiologists

• Optometrists

• Psychologists

• Veterinarians

• Many other medical fields

This doctrine is an important safeguard for the welfare of patients. It seeks to ensure that patients will receive premium care that is dictated by licensed physicians, and not by a board of directors or non-medically certified owners who are more concerned with profits than with patient outcomes.

However, not all states are as strict in this regard. Some states allow for non-practitioner ownership, as long as all medical decisions are completely out of the hands of non-licensed practitioners. In other words, there has to be a wall between the business handling and the medical handling of the practice, with no mixture.

Any person seeking to purchase a veterinarian business in any state must consult with an experienced lawyer who can help safeguard both business interests and the integrity of the practice. Laws are different in every state and must be researched and understood thoroughly before any investment is made.

Possible Paths to Ownership As a Non-Veterinarian

You may know a non-veterinarian who is operating a veterinary clinic in a CPOM doctrine state. If so, they probably took advantage of one of the following methods for partially operating or buying a share of a practice.

• Purchasing a 49% or less share as a non-veterinarian, provided that the other 51% controlling share is owned by licensed veterinarians. This may be allowed in some states, as long as the medical decisions are not being made by you in any way. Consult a lawyer before taking this risk. Laws vary by state.

• It may be legal to split the practice in half. This would create a medical portion and a business services portion. The two portions would be separate companies. The business administration portion could be owned by a non-vet, and take care of all administration and payroll, except the veterinarian payroll. 

• You could also create a separate company that contracts with the veterinarian to provide all office, business, and payroll services, except the payroll of the veterinarian. In this arrangement you would be paid in a service fee arrangement by the veterinarian who owns the medical practice.

Purchasing a Veterinarian Practice In a Non-CPOM State

Perhaps you know of a practice that is for sale because the veterinarian is ready to exit. You may be willing to move to a less-regulated state in order to make your dreams of practice ownership come true. In any case, the purchase of a veterinarian practice can take quite a few different forms. 

Do not purchase any veterinarian practice without first obtaining legal counsel. You could find yourself liable for outstanding debts, taxes, or legal actions taken against the previous owner. A qualified lawyer can draw up a custom contract that secures indemnity for you in your new purchase.

There are multiple ways in which you can purchase a veterinary practice in whole or in part as a non-veterinarian if the state allows you to do so. 

• Purchase a share. This could happen as a partner buy-out, or a partial buy-in of a practice, with a veterinarian or other partners owning other shares of the business. 

• Purchase only the practice. Perhaps the practice is for sale, but not the real estate. In this case, you would be purchasing the business portion of the business, and renegotiating building leases, etc. This kind of sale is analyzed by the books, just like any other business purchase.

• Purchase only the real assets. In this case, the veterinarian may retain the business itself, and you buy-in on the building/property, and physical assets. As with any arrangement, be sure a lawyer draws up the contract so that it is clear who owns what, and who controls what.

• Decide what happens to employees before you sign the contract. Will you be liable for severance packages after you take control of the business? It is common for vets to try to avoid employee termination expenses, but this negotiation should be part of the purchase contract agreement.

Non-competition Agreement

If you are purchasing a practice from a veterinarian, be sure to secure a non-competition agreement with that vet before you sign on the line. There is nothing more disheartening than to make a handshake agreement, take over the liability of one practice, only to have the vet turn around and start a new thriving practice in town. 

Nothing keeps the vet from doing this very thing and taking their clients with them unless you have secured a non-competition agreement. Don’t be shy about asking for it, or having your lawyer demand it on your behalf. Refusal to provide this assurance should be a red flag warning to you.

Do a Competition Survey

Before you invest in a veterinary practice, be sure to look around the area and make sure it is not already saturated with vet practices. Especially in a state that makes it easy to do business, you may find stiff competition. 

Do you research and know your market before you invest. Vet practices can handle all different types of animals, so if you’re purchasing in a domestic pet saturated market, consider pivoting to exotic animals or farm animals if the market in the area can sustain such a vet practice.

Assemble Your Team

If you’re lucky, you may be able to buy into a practice where you already know the team and have a good working relationship. This is an ideal and rare situation. In this case, as you transition you can personally assure and reassure each team member going forward. 

Most likely you’ll be purchasing a business full of employees who are very skeptical of your intentions and skills, especially since you are not a veterinarian. You are wise to attempt retention of as much staff as possible. This will help you also to retain as many current customers as possible.

However, office staff and qualified veterinarians are not your only concern when purchasing a veterinary practice. You also want to make sure you have the following people on your side, or able to consult with you as needed.

• Lawyer or legal team. Do not go into practice ownership of any kind without obtaining legal counsel. Do not sign any contract of any kind without having your lawyer review it. Ideally, your lawyer will draw up a contract that is specific to your purchase, and will ensure your indemnity. 

• Business Consultant. Whether you’ve owned many businesses before, or this is your first, a solid, qualified business consultant can make all the difference for you as you think and plan going forward. Be sure to select a business consultant that specializes in veterinary practice ownership. 

• Insurance Agent. Whether you’re purchasing a full practice, only a share, just the practice, or just the physical assets, you need to make sure that your investment is protected against losses. Consult an insurance agent, and consider getting a second opinion before you begin that insurance contract. 

• Banker or Loan Officer. You have your business plan in place, now you need funding. Consider your loan options carefully. Be sure you understand your payment details, interest rates, etc. A great loan officer will walk you through everything and help you make the best decisions for your situation.

• Veterinarians. If you are purchasing all or part of a practice, and the veterinarian owner is stepping away, you won’t be in business for long without a veterinarian or team of veterinarians to run the medical practice. Your selection will have a large impact on your office staff retention, so choose wisely. 

• Office Manager. Considering that you are purchasing as a business partner and not part of the medical team, you may be planning to work in your business as an office manager or similar role. If not, choose an office manager with experience in the veterinary field, who can help retain current employees and clientele.

• CPA. Getting a veterinary CPA should be among your top priorities. Just like a lawyer who will make sure both your practice and your contracts comply with the law, your CPA will make sure that the numbers are adding up correctly, and in your favor. They also know tax law, making them a must on the team.

Find a Practice For Sale

Let’s assume that you know for sure that you’re ready to buy, and you even have your bank credit all lined up. Now it’s time to find a practice for sale. This can be the most daunting part of the process. Take your time and do your best to think clearly from start to finish. Don’t jump at the first opportunity you find. Take the time to make sure the opportunity is right for you. Still, finding the opportunity may take some persistence.

• Choose the city or neighborhood in which you want to own your practice. If you are going to take a personal hand in running it, you’ll want to choose a location where you want to live, and then persist in hunting until you are able to find a practice that suits you in the area that you want.

• Start talking to your friends who have veterinarian connections. It may be word-of-mouth and having a personal connection to someone that convinces a ready-to-retire vet that the time is right. You never know who might be thinking of retirement or selling a share, but hasn’t taken the time to put it up for sale.

• Begin networking with vets who are currently in business. Get to know them, ask questions, and become a friend and community member. As you get to know people in the veterinary business in your area, begin to make it known that you’d like to buy a practice or a share. 

• Subscribe to veterinary journals and publications. Especially if you’re willing to relocate to an area with a practice that you’re interested in, this is likely where you’ll find practices advertised for sale.

• Search online for practices for sale. Do your due diligence and be careful what information you give out as you shop for practices online. 

• Hire a broker. There are veterinary practice brokers available that can help match up sellers and buyers, and work out contracts, etc. These are usually legal brokers who specialize in these types of transactions.

Conclusion

If you are considering purchasing all or part of a veterinary practice, and you are not a licensed veterinarian, there are plenty of legal ways to do so. The easiest way is to move to a state that allows for ownership by non-veterinarians. In this case, the process is much the same as purchasing any other business for your portfolio.

If you live in one of the majority of states with strict regulations on who can and can’t own a medical practice, it is important to know the laws. Make sure that whatever arrangement you arrive at with the counterparty and your lawyer is legal in that state. In this way, you can fulfill your dreams of veterinary practice ownership, and profit from this thriving business for years to come.

Sources

https://mcgaunnschwadron.com/how-do-i-buy-a-veterinary-hospital/

https://www.praxisvet.com/veterinary-practice-transition-blog/the-legalities-of-buying-a-practice

https://successinveterinarypractice.com/can-a-non-vet-own-a-vet-practice/

https://mahanlaw.com/practice-areas/buying-a-veterinary-practice/non-veterinarian-ownership-by-states/#:~:text=Currently%2C%20about%2015%20states%20currently%20permit%20non-veterinarians%20to,in%20states%20with%20strict%20veterinary%20practice%20ownership%20laws.

https://mahanlaw.com/practice-areas/buying-a-veterinary-practice/asset-purchase-v-share-purchase/

https://www.praxisvet.com/veterinary-practice-transition-blog/can-non-veterinary-own-veterinary-practice-in-usa#:~:text=States%20like%20Florida%2C%20Colorado%2C%20and%20California%20have%20made,most%20common%20reason%20is%20finding%20an%20exit%20strategy.

https://www.healthcarelawnj.com/can-corporation-doctor/

https://www.sgu.edu/blog/veterinary/advice-for-starting-a-veterinary-practice/

https://veterinarians.uslegal.com/state-laws-on-regulation-and-licensing-of-veterinarians/

What is the Death Rate for Pancreatitis in Dogs?

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Pancreatitis is a condition that can silently begin to attack your dog.  While some symptoms are obvious, others are often undetectable. The condition is caused by increased inflammation in the pancreas, which causes difficulty with digestion.

Pancreatitis results in the death of nearly 40% of all dogs diagnosed.  Although the condition is extremely dangerous, not all dogs afflicted will succumb to the illness. However, there can be lifelong complications that result. 

In this article, you will learn about the death rate for dogs diagnosed with Pancreatitis, as well as a potential treatment and the symptoms.

Number of Dogs that Die from Pancreatitis.

Each year many dogs are unfortunately diagnosed with Pancreatitis, with nearly 40% dying (Source: Dog Breeds List).  This condition is not picky when it comes to victims. However, some breeds and underlying conditions make a dog more prone to Pancreatitis.  The schnauzer, as well as older, overweight dogs, are more likely to be affected. (Source: Pets Web MD)

Are All Dogs Equally Affected?

All dogs have the potential of becoming afflicted with Pancreatitis. However, some conditions make it much more likely to occur.  

• Age

• Breed 

• Obesity

Age is not always a factor when it comes to Pancreatitis.  While older dogs may be more predisposed to the condition, it often affects younger and middle-aged dogs. 

Breed Type: Certain breeds are more predisposed to the condition because their bodies tend to produce more fat that flows through their blood. The most affected breeds are Schnauzers, Miniature Poodles, and Cocker Spaniels. 

Obesity can cause a dog to develop Pancreatitis.  When a dog is obese, it is likely because of a higher fat diet.  The excess fat does not allow the dog's pancreas to function to digest food properly.  Pancreatitis causes the dog to have inflammation in the pancreas. (Source: Pumpkin. Care) 

Types of Pancreatitis

Like many other diseases and conditions, there are different types of Pancreatitis.  Your dog may suffer from either acute or chronic Pancreatitis.  While both conditions are dangerous, they have other treatments and outcomes. 

Acute Pancreatitis

Acute Pancreatitis is a short-lived version of this condition, and the effects are often able to be reversed with treatment.  While this is a short-lived version, it is also extremely dangerous because it can present itself rapidly and requires immediate treatment. 

Chronic Pancreatitis

Chronic Pancreatitis is a lifelong condition and often presents itself gradually in your dog.  It may manifest itself in various ways, such as diabetes or reduction in the necessary digestion enzymes.  Chronic Pancreatitis is a condition that will require lifelong treatment for the dog. 

(Source: Blue Pearl Vet)

Symptoms of Pancreatitis

If your dog is suffering from Pancreatitis, you will notice some symptoms that seem to present very quickly.  They are the most common and often the most destructive if not treated immediately. 

• Diarrhea

• Vomiting

• Fever

• Loss of appetite

While the loss of appetite may take a couple of days for you to notice, the other symptoms will be obvious.  Vomiting and diarrhea can lead to severe dehydration, so they must be dealt with right away. These symptoms are typically characteristic of acute Pancreatitis and can become deadly if ignored. 

(Source: The Bark)

Treatment

Pancreatitis can be extremely dangerous and terrifying if you are a dog owner.  The best thing you can do to protect your pet is to take them for medical help right away.  Once your dog is diagnosed with Pancreatitis, a very rapid treatment plan will begin to take shape and will likely include:

• Antibiotics to eliminate any infection that may be present. 

• The use of pain relievers to help provide comfort to your dog. 

• Food restriction for up to 24 hours.

• The use of an IV for extra fluids.

• Prescription dog food.

Antibiotics will be used to eliminate the risk of infection from Pancreatitis. During an attack, bacteria can form in the pancreas, which increases the risk of inflammation. 

Pain relievers will be given to the dog to help relieve any discomfort they may be experiencing.  Typically, when a dog has Pancreatitis, you will notice them hunching their back or putting their head down on the ground.  While it may appear that the dog is doing a trick, it is trying to find relief. 

Food Restrictions are used when treating Pancreatitis. Removing all food for 24 hours allows the pancreas to essentially reset.  When food is ingested, the pancreas secretes enzymes to help with digestion.  If there is inflammation, digestion cannot properly take place. 

IV fluids will likely be used to treat a dog with Pancreatitis.  Because the condition often causes diarrhea and vomiting, it is common for dogs to become dehydrated.  The IV will help replace any of the fluids that may have been lost.  This will help the dog to heal more quickly. 

Prescription Dog Food will be given to dogs that are diagnosed with Pancreatitis.  Dogs with Pancreatitis do not do well with high-fat diets and have extremely strict dietary conditions that must be followed to maintain their health. Because of this, the vet will likely recommend a prescription diet, at least for a short time.  Dogs with chronic Pancreatitis will probably need special food for their lifetime. 

As you can see, many different things will be put into place if your dog has Pancreatitis; however, the more quickly they can receive a diagnosis and treatment, the better their prognosis will be. 

(Sources: AKC, Todays Veterinary Practice, North Coast Veterinary Specialist)

Can I Treat it Myself?

While it may be tempting to try home remedies when your dog falls ill, it is critical that you not try to treat this at home.  Pancreatitis may present itself as a simple virus when it is a life-threatening condition.  Home remedies may help relieve some of the symptoms, but they will likely not eliminate the condition. (Source: Canine Journal)

Can Pancreatitis be Prevented?

Pancreatitis is a very serious condition in dogs that can come on suddenly. However, you can help prevent it from being problematic.  While preventative measures will not guarantee that your dog will never suffer from Pancreatitis, they will help decrease the risk. 

• Maintain a healthy weight.

• Frequent exercise

• Provide healthy food.

• Regular check-ups

Maintaining a healthy weight is one of the best things you can do to prevent an attack of Pancreatitis.  Depending on your dog's breed and size, this weight will vary; you may need to check with your veterinarian for specific guidelines. 

Frequent exercise will help your dog to maintain its health.  This exercise must be planned and not sporadic.  You need to take time to play with and walk your dog through maintaining their health. Frequent exercise will also help prevent obesity. 

Healthy food will make sure your dog not only maintains their health but their weight as well.  It is important to make sure your dog is not ingesting table food because it can be high in fat and low in nutrition. Both things increase the chance of Pancreatitis. 

Regular check-ups will help ensure your dog's health, which will also help eliminate the risk factors associated with the development of Pancreatitis. Your dog must have an annual vet visit; however, if there are any concerns, you need to have your dog checked right away. 

(Source: 3P Naturals)

Final Thoughts

Pancreatitis is responsible for taking the lives of nearly 40% of all diagnosed dogs; however, if treatment is administered as soon as symptoms present, the chance of recovery is very high. Keeping a close watch on your dog’s health and maintaining a healthy lifestyle will help lower the risk of your dog becoming ill.